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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Hardy and Weinberg
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developed a model population to study population genetics based on the assumption that for any pair of alleles, no forces are at work to change the relative frequencies of the alleles.
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Genetic Equilibrium
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when there is NO change in the frequencies of alleles in a population through generations
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Evolution
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change in the frequencies of alleles in a population through generations
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p=
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the frequency (%) of the dominant allele
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q=
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the frequency (%) of the recessive allele
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homozygous dominant (RR)
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can only pass the dominant allele to the next generation
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homozygous recessive (rr)
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can only pass the recessive allele to the next generation
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heterozygous (Rr)
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genotype contains both recessive and dominant allele, codominant
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Genetic Drift
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situations in which chance alone changes the frequencies of alleles in a small population
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Natural selection
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process by which some individuals in a population, whose alleles are best suited to a change in the environment, will produce more surviving offspring
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First assumption of Hardy and Weinberg's model
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1. mutation is not occurring
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Second assumption of model
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2. mating must be random
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third assumption in model
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3. immigration to or emigration from another population population does not occur or does not alter allelic frequencies (gene flow)
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fourth assumption of model
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population must be large enough to make it unlikely that chance could significantly alter allelic frequencies (genetic drift
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Fifth assumption of model
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Survival and reproductive success (survival) must be random with respect to genotype (natural selection)
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