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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Define Evolution |
Change in allele fréquence in a population over time. |
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What is a point mutation? |
Change of a single base in DNA. |
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What is a chromosomal mutation? |
Change in a section of a chromosome. |
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When do chromosomal mutations occur? |
During prophases of meiosis I (crossing over/ recombination) |
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Define, in the evolutionary sense, a species. |
populations of individuals that can interbreed and outside of which they do not interbreed. |
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Define genetic variation. |
The number and evenness of alleles at a locus, and allele combinations at loci. |
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What are Darwin's 4 postulates of Evolution by Natural Selection? |
1. Individuals of a population vary. 2. That variation heritable. 3. More are born that will survive to reproduce. 4. Some variants survive & reproduce at higher rates than others (due to heritable variation). |
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What is the unit of evolution? |
Populations |
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What are Mendel's 2 Laws? |
1. The Law of Segregation 2. The Law of Independence Assortment |
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How are new alleles created? |
Through mutation |
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What are the 4 evolutionary mechanisms? |
1. Natural Selection 2. Mutation 3. Random Genetic Drift 4. Gene Flow |
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What creates genetic variation? |
1. Mutations 2. Sexual reproduction |
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What is the Law of Segregation (Mendel)? |
The alleles at a locus are passed down seperately/independently. |
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What is the Law of Independent Assortment (Mendel)? |
Chromoses are not passed down whole, they are mixed during recombination. |
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What are the Hardy-Weinberg assumptions? |
1. No Natural Selection 2. No Mutation 3. No Migration 4. No Genetic Drift (Large Population Size) 5. Random Mating |