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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Analogous |
Similar function but different origin (octapus and human eye) |
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Homologous |
Common origin different function (whale flipper, horse hoof) |
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Polyploidy |
Increase in the number of chromosomes |
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Pseudogenes |
Duplicates genes that have lost their functions and are considered 'strong evidence for evolution' |
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Directional |
Favors extremes |
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Stabilizing |
Normal phenotype is favored |
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Disruptive |
Both extremes favored but normal selected against |
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Sexual |
Favours traits influencing reproductive success |
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Commulative |
Gradual accumulation of a series of beneficial mutations over time |
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Genetic drift |
Difference in gene pool between population. Causes random small isolated populations |
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Bottleneck effect |
Catastrophes can leave few survivors, eliminating or decreasing certain alleles in the pop |
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Founder effect |
Random individuals starting a population |
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Allopatric speciations |
Caused by geographic or physical barriers |
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Sympatric speciations |
Caused by mutated behaivor |
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Macroevolution |
Species evolves according to its environment, small changes, doesn't completely change the individual. Eg finches |
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Vestigial evolution |
Features that seem to have no purpose, evolutionary baggage |
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Prezygotic |
Prevents fertilization |
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Postzygotic |
Prevents fertilized egg from growing into a viable, reproductive adult |
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Adaptive radiation |
Species diversities into multiple distinct but closely related species |
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Convergent evolution |
Similarities between distantly related species occupying the same niche |
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Divergent evolution |
Species is disrupted by selective pressures into several new species |