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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Species |
Organisms are able to mate and produce fertile offspring |
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Importance of Variation |
Variations lead to adaptations which can species alive |
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Niche |
Where an organism lives and their impact on their environment |
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Biodiversity |
Variety of living things in a community It can change over time |
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What are fossils? |
Evidence of Prehistoric life (imprints, skeletons...) |
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Where are Fossils found? |
Sedimentary Rock |
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Why are there gaps in the Fossil Record? |
We haven't discovered transition stages, natural disasters have destroyed many fossils |
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Who was Bonnet? |
Bonnet believed that the environment shaped evolution |
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Who was Weismann? |
He disproved Lamarck's theory that acquired traits are passed on by cutting of mice tails. In the end the lack of a tail wasn't passed on |
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Who was Lamarck? |
He had three theories, 2 of which were correct 1. Theory of need 2. Theory of use and disuse 3. Theory of acquired characteristics |
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Evolution |
Change over time |
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Who influenced Darwin? |
Thomas Malthus (Believed in overpopulation) Charles Lyell (Believed in Uniformitarianism) Family Mentor Time on the HMS Beagle (Most important) |
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Darwin's Theory of Evolution |
1. Organism Overproduce 2. Variation (advantage vs. disadvantages) 3. Struggle to survive 4. Survival of the fittest 5. Natural selection (those who survive pass on their traits) |
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Gradualism |
one species evolves gradually over time |
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Punctuated Equilibrium |
Species quickly evolve in spurts |
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Significance of the fossil record of a horse |
We have gathered almost all of the fossil record of horses and it shows gradualism |
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Homologous structure |
structures that are the same in function (bat wing and human hand) |
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Vestigal structure |
structures that are no longer used (appendix) |
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Analogous structure |
structures with different origins, but same use |
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Comparative Embryology |
comparing various stages of evolution (embryonic development affects evolution) |
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biochemistry |
organisms have similar blood types, hormones... how close the hormones and blood types are, are how close the blood types are in origin |
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genetics |
DNA to see how closely related we are to other organisms (best one) |
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Speciation |
one species developing into multiple species |
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How does speciation occur? |
Through isolation and adaptation |
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Convergent vs. Divergent |
convergent- many species becoming similar or developed similarly divergent- one species developing and branching off into many (speciation) |
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What is coevolution |
when species evolved together (birds fly south at the same time that flies hatch- food and population control) |
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Adaptive Radiation |
when one species breaks off into many quickly because of environmental factors |