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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is Evolution?
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the creation of new species from other preexisting organisms.
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What is natural selection?
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the survival of the fitness, the ones with the most offspring.
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_____ drives _______?
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Natural Selection drives evolution.
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What is artificial selection?
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the choosing of which characteristics you want to show up in future generations.
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How does natural selection start?
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A population needs to have genetic variation. These different traits need to be passed on (heritability). The stronger traits survive better, thus having more fitness.
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Natural selections leads to change in _____.
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A population, not individual.
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What is a mutation? Is usually positive or negative? Does it have an impact on evolution?
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Mutations is an accidentally gene change. Usually negative, but can be positive. Doesn't usually have an on evolution unless the trait is passed on to other generations and is useful.
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What are the different types of natural selection?
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Direction, stabilizing, diversifying.
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What is direction natural selection?
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when unusually traits give more adv.
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What is stabilizing natural selection?
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typical traits are more adaptive because they are more useful
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What is diversifying natural selection?
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different traits that are more adaptive because they are more useful than stabilizing selection. this is rare, but it is how new species are formed.
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What are the types of evolution?
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micro, macro, coevolution.
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What is micro evolution?
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genetic differences within a populations. ex: moths
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What is macro evolution?
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when a species become too genetical different to reproduce with the old species.
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What is coevolution?
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when species evolve by interacting with each other.
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Why can't we evolve with the environment?
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It can only happen with genes already there, and happen randomly.
it depends on how fast a species and reproduce |
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What are three misconceptions about evolution?
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1. We cant just develop a gene
2. survival of fitness, means the most offspring. 3. no genetic perfection |
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How does environment affect natural selection?
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the climate, food, etc, determines which genetical better animal survies.
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What is speciation? What are the main reasons for this to happen?
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speciation is when a species splits into different species. Usually happens when they are physically separated and mutations.
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When the environment changes, what can the species do?
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1. evolve.
2. change location. 3. become extinct. |
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What is an environmental niche?
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the way organisms use the environment. ex; food and resources.
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What is fundmental and realized niche?
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fundamental; is what they could us.
realized; is what they actually use. |
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What are the categories of niches? Explain them.
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Generalized: can live in different places (ex: cockroaches).
Specialist: can only live in a specific area. having different niches lead to less competition. |
