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36 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
What element do newly discovered organisms use instead of phosphorous?
Arsenic
Who was the first to present the idea that organisms evolve over time?
Anaximander
Who suggested essentialism, the thoery of forms, and the strive of organism to achieve perfectionism?
Plato
What is the Theory of Forms
Objects are reflections of ideal forms
Who presented the idea of a scala naturae?
Aristotle
What is the idea that god is the absolute creator?
Creationism
Sweaty rags in a jar with grain after 21 days will produce mice. This is an example of what?
Spontaneous generation
Who presented the idea of the fixity of species and binomial nomenclature?
Carolus Linnaeus
Who suggested descent with modification?
Count Buffon
Who suggested common descent and first preseted the idea of vestigial organs?
Erasmus Darwin
Who was the first to use comparative anatomy to develop a system of classification?
Cuvier
Who founded paleontology and catastrophism?
Cuver
Who was the first biologist to link diversity with environmental adaptation?
Lamarck
Who proposed the Inheritance of Acquired Characteristics through his study of giraffes?
Lamarck
Who proposed Uniformitarianism?
Charles Lyell
Who established that the earth was billions of years old?
Charles Lyell
Who presented the idea that reproductive potential is greater than an environment can support?
Thomas Malthus
Who was the father of biogeography?
Alfred Russell Wallace
Who had the same ideas as Darwin and presented them nearly at the same time?
Alfred Russell Wallce
What do organisms of the same species often compete for?
Food, shelter, space, mates
What is fitness?
Relative reproductive success of an organism
What is the branch of morphology that includes homologous structures and analogous structures?
Comparative anatomy
What are the four sources of evidence for Darwin's theories?
Biogeography, comparative anatomy, fossils, comparative development
What type of structures are anatomically similar but may not be functionally similar?
Homologous structures
What types of organisms are functionally similar but do not share a common ancestor?
Analogous structures
What types of structures have obsolete function because they were present in a common ancestor?
Vestigial structures
What structures do all vertebrate embryos have?
Postnatal tail, paired pharyngeal pouches, dorsal hollow nerve cord, notochord
How are the succession of life forms from the simple to the more complex documented through history?
Fossil record, 10,000 years old
Why is the fossil record biased?
Soft bodied organisms don't fossilize as well as hard parts (teeth, bones)
What evidence of evolution shows transitional organisms in history?
Fossil record
What is the study of geographical distributions of plants and animals across the earth?
Biogeography
What evidence of evolution uses plate tectonics and pangaea as an explanation?
Biogeography
What evidence for evolution is present today that was not present in Darwin's time?
Comparative biochemistry and molecular biology
What evidence of evolution uses the evidence present in commonalities between base sequences to determine the relatedness of organisms?
Comparative biochemistry and molecular biology
What process of evolution acts on individuals?
Natural selection
What process acts on populations?
Evolution