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36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What element do newly discovered organisms use instead of phosphorous?
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Arsenic
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Who was the first to present the idea that organisms evolve over time?
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Anaximander
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Who suggested essentialism, the thoery of forms, and the strive of organism to achieve perfectionism?
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Plato
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What is the Theory of Forms
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Objects are reflections of ideal forms
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Who presented the idea of a scala naturae?
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Aristotle
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What is the idea that god is the absolute creator?
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Creationism
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Sweaty rags in a jar with grain after 21 days will produce mice. This is an example of what?
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Spontaneous generation
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Who presented the idea of the fixity of species and binomial nomenclature?
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Carolus Linnaeus
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Who suggested descent with modification?
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Count Buffon
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Who suggested common descent and first preseted the idea of vestigial organs?
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Erasmus Darwin
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Who was the first to use comparative anatomy to develop a system of classification?
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Cuvier
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Who founded paleontology and catastrophism?
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Cuver
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Who was the first biologist to link diversity with environmental adaptation?
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Lamarck
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Who proposed the Inheritance of Acquired Characteristics through his study of giraffes?
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Lamarck
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Who proposed Uniformitarianism?
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Charles Lyell
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Who established that the earth was billions of years old?
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Charles Lyell
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Who presented the idea that reproductive potential is greater than an environment can support?
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Thomas Malthus
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Who was the father of biogeography?
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Alfred Russell Wallace
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Who had the same ideas as Darwin and presented them nearly at the same time?
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Alfred Russell Wallce
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What do organisms of the same species often compete for?
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Food, shelter, space, mates
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What is fitness?
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Relative reproductive success of an organism
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What is the branch of morphology that includes homologous structures and analogous structures?
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Comparative anatomy
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What are the four sources of evidence for Darwin's theories?
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Biogeography, comparative anatomy, fossils, comparative development
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What type of structures are anatomically similar but may not be functionally similar?
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Homologous structures
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What types of organisms are functionally similar but do not share a common ancestor?
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Analogous structures
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What types of structures have obsolete function because they were present in a common ancestor?
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Vestigial structures
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What structures do all vertebrate embryos have?
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Postnatal tail, paired pharyngeal pouches, dorsal hollow nerve cord, notochord
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How are the succession of life forms from the simple to the more complex documented through history?
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Fossil record, 10,000 years old
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Why is the fossil record biased?
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Soft bodied organisms don't fossilize as well as hard parts (teeth, bones)
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What evidence of evolution shows transitional organisms in history?
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Fossil record
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What is the study of geographical distributions of plants and animals across the earth?
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Biogeography
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What evidence of evolution uses plate tectonics and pangaea as an explanation?
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Biogeography
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What evidence for evolution is present today that was not present in Darwin's time?
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Comparative biochemistry and molecular biology
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What evidence of evolution uses the evidence present in commonalities between base sequences to determine the relatedness of organisms?
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Comparative biochemistry and molecular biology
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What process of evolution acts on individuals?
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Natural selection
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What process acts on populations?
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Evolution
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