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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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"to discover the truth"
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Persuasion
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"usually are pointless, meaningless (and endless)"
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Academic Arguments
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Seem to be
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"Environmental (and cultural) influences" on the audience. (where, when, religion, culture)
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Context of Argument
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Usually counts more on persuasion than in argument
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Pathos
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Usually counts....
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"to persuade at all costs" - abandoning reason, fairness, and truth
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Propaganda
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Definition
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Americans tend to see the world in terms of problems and
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Solutions
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Integrity means
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How does it hold up?
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Aristotle defined an argument as...
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Components + claim = Argument
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"Assumptions" are...
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Shared values of a group
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Definition
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Debates about what happened in the past are called
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Forensic arguments
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Not all arguments are aimed at a)___; some are meant to persuade, to b)___, to c)___, or d)___
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a) WINNING
b) inform/explore c) make decisions d) meditate or pray |
Several possible answers for b) - d)
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A way of categorizing arguments is to consider the issues they represent (this is called....)
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Stasis theory
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An argument exists within an entire set of concerns called the...
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Rhetorical situation
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The debtor must consider 3 TYPES AUDIENCE APPEAL
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a) pathos
b) ethos c) logos |
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"An argument can be...."
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ANYTHING
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Almost always exists in the writer's mind so s/he can write. (imagined)
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Intended audience
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"I feel their pain" — B. Clinton
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A personal experience makes connections to audience
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Connecting with audience
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"... politicians [often] use ______ to admit problems"
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Humor
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Begins by proving there is a problem
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Proposal arguments
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Type of argument (stasis)
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An approach to understand the viewpoints of others
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Rogerian Argument
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No conflict
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"Is a human fetus a human being?" => "Is abortion murder?"
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Ex's of Argument of Definition
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Type of argument (stasis)
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"To be credible.... "
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... you have to admit limitations"/mistakes
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3 MAIN ELEMENTS of CHARACTER
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a) believability/credibility/trustworthiness
b) authority c) unselfish or clear motives |
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Making concessions /Conceding
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I understand your argument and believe it is valid BUT that isn't the whole story /the issue at hand.... *Go back to what your argument is*
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Examining motives for an argument
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Often you'll find self glorification
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Uses rhetoric to motivate/provoke ACTION, produce change, or win a point
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Arguments to persuade
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Leads to convictions that results in taking action
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Leads audience towards agreeing that a claim is true/reasonable or an action is desirable
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Arguments to convince
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Leads to convictions
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