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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
what are the first two roundworms and what is similar about them?
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Enterobius vermicularis and Trichuris trichiura
-have similar life cycles. |
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how do e. vermicularis and t. trichiura enter humans?
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-ova in environment
-embryonate -get eaten by humans |
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what happens after embryonated ova are eaten?
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-larvae hatch in sm. intestine
-adults develop in large intest -fertilization occurs life cycle varies here. |
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at what point do the life cycles similarities end between e. vermic and t. trichiu?
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after the adults fertilize in the large intestine.
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What happens after fertilization in
-E. vermicularis |
Males die in intestine
-Female (gravid) migrates to the perianal area, lays her ova, ova get into environment and start over. |
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what happens after fertilization in
-t. trichiura |
-ova are laid in the intestine
-ova are passed in feces, get out into the environment. start over |
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what is the infectious stage of e. vermicularis/t. trichiura?
what is the transmission mode? |
-the embryonated stage
-transm. is by ingestion of embryonated ova |
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what disease does e. vermicularis cause?
2 common names for it: where is it? in what host(s) |
Enterobiasis
Pinworm or Seatworm Worldwide in Humans |
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how big are the adult females of e. vermicularis?
males? ovum? |
females: 10 by .5 mm
males: 4mm ovum: about 55 by 25 |
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what are the things at the end of the esophagus in e. vermic?
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alar expansions
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what surrounds the e. vermic ovum?
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thick hyaline membrane
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what are 3 symptoms of e. vermicularis?
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inflammation
itching -perianal,perineal,vaginal insomnia |
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how is e. vermicularis diagnosed?
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do a scotch tape prep 3x
-at home mostly found on kids anyway |
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how is e. vermicularis treated
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mebendazole
-but it only kills adults so take over 3 wk period; treat the whole fam - it's like lice in the butt |
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what's a variation of the life cycle that e. vermic can do?
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auto-infection: larva hatch while still in perianal area and move right back up into intestine
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what disease is caused by t. trichiura?
-whats a common name for it? -where is it found? -what is the host of it? |
trichiuriasis
-whipworm -in subtropic climates, not arid -humans, more kids than adults |
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how long are t. trichiura
-females -ovum |
females: 40 mm long
ovum: 50 x 25 u |
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what's unique about how t. trichiura adults act in the intestine?
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imbed their anterior into mucosa; posterior hangs free.
-female butt fills with eggs -male butt coils -both stay attached (male until he dies), so won't see on fecal specimen. |
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what are 4 distinguishing charact of t. trichiura ovum?
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-football shaped
-bile-stained from passing thru the intestine. -polar plugs of mucus -thick outer wall. |
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what stage of t. trichiuris is best for diagnosis?
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the FECAL STAGE
blech |
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what are the usual symptoms of t. trichiura?
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-abdominal pain
-bloody diarrhea -nausea |
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what are 2 symptoms of chronic trichiuriasis?
why would you have this? |
-anemia
-rectal prolapse the female doesn't die, keeps producing eggs. |
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if t. trichiura is suspected, what tests would you run?
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O and P and a Parasite test.
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what is the diagnostic basis for id of t. trichiura?
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characteristic ova in stool
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how is t. trichiura treated?
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Mebendazole or
Pyrantel pamoate |
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How can it be prevented?
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good hygiene, wash fruits/veg
properly dispose feces don't use night soil - human manure. |