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74 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The Oregon Country included which of the present states? |
Oregon, Washington, Idaho, Montana and Wyoming |
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What are does the Oregon country lay between? |
The Pacific Ocean and the Rocky Mountains. |
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Who discovered the Columbia River in 1792? |
Robert Gray |
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Which countries laid claim to the Oregon Country? |
The United States, Britain, Spain |
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Which country claimed Alaska? |
Russia |
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Who negotiated the Adams-Onis treaty with Spain? |
John Quincy Adams |
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What did the Spanish agree to in the Adams-Onis treaty? |
To set limits of the territory at what is now California's northern border and give up any claim to Oregon. |
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What country did John Quincy Adams work out a "joint occupation" agreement with? |
Britain |
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What does "joint occupation" mean? |
People from both countries could settle the lands. |
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Who was John Jacob Astor? |
A merchant from New York that organized the American Fur Company. |
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What are mountain men? |
American adventurers that spent most of the their time in the Rocky Mountains. Most of them made their living trapping beaver and selling their furs. |
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What is a Rendezvous? |
a meeting |
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What is the South Pass? |
A broad break through the Rockies. This latter became the main route settelrs took to Oregon. |
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What was the Whitman Mission? |
A mission started by Dr. Marcus Whitman and his wife Narcissa and built among the Cayuse people |
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What happended at the Whitman Mission? |
New settlers brought measles which killed many of the Native American children. The Cayuse indians blamed the Whitman's for the sickness and killed them and 11 others in November 1847 |
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What was "Oregon Fever"? |
People living in the Mississippi Valley that were excited about the prospect of moving to the Oregon country? |
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What are emigrants? |
Pioneers that left the United States to go to Oregon. |
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What is a Prairie Schooner? |
Canvas covered wagons used by pioneers used to travel to the Oregon country. |
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What was the Oregon Trail? |
Travel across the Great Plains, along the Platte River, through the South Pass of the Rocky Mountains, then along the Snake and Columbia Rivers. |
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Where did most settlers to the Oregon Country end up? |
The Willamette Valley south of the Columbia River were the land was fertile. |
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What is Manifest Destiny? |
The belief that t.he United States' mission was to spread freedom by occupying the entire continent |
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Which party did James K Polk represent when he ran for President in 1844? |
The Democrat |
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Which party did Henry Clay represent when he ran for President in 1844? |
The Whig Party |
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How did James K Polk win the Presidential election of 1844? |
He supported American claims for sole ownership of Oregon and the Anti Slavery Liberty Party took many votes from Clay in New York. |
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What did the slogan "Fifty-four Forty or Fight" mean. |
The slogan referred to the line of latitude that Democrates believed should be the nations northern border in Oregon. |
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At what Latitude did the Americans and Britain agree upon as the boundary for Oregon? |
49 degrees. |
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Who was Davy Crockett? |
Famous frontiersman, congressman from Tennessee that was killed at the Alamo defending the freedom of Texas from Mexican dictator Santa Anna. |
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What did the Adams-Onis treaty say about US claims to Texas? |
The United States agree to drop any further claims to the region. |
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Who are Tejanos? |
Mexicans who claimed Texas as their home. |
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Who are empresarios? |
People that obtained land grant from Spain to recruit settlers to move to Texas. |
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Who is Moses Austin? |
A businessman that developed a mine operation in Missouri and was awarded a Texas land grant in 1821. |
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Who is Stephen F. Austin? |
Organized a Texas land grant by recruiting 300 settlers after his father passed away. |
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Who are the "Old Three Hundred" |
The first Texas settlers |
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What is a decree? |
An official order |
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Who was Generral Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna? |
He was elected the President of Mexico in 1833 |
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What happened in the town of Gonzales? |
A battle occurred over a cannon that the Texans possesed. The Texans drove back the Mexican troops. This is considered to be the first fight of the Texan Revolution. |
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What happened in San Antonio? |
In December 1835 the Texans scored an important victory liberating San Antonio from the control of the Mexican force. |
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What is the Alamo and what happened there? |
It was a mission that a small Texas force barricaded itself inside as it battled against Santa Anna forces. The commander's name was William B. Travis and Davy Crockett was also among the fighters. The battle lasted for 12 days. All of the defenders were killed. |
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Who was Sam Houston? |
A politician, Congressman, former governor of Tennessee and that was named the commander and chief of Texas forces after Texas formed a republic. |
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What happened at Goliad? |
A fierce battle occurred in which several hundered Texans surrendered and were later executed. It was called the "Goliad Massacre" |
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What was the Battle of Jacinto? |
A suprise attack against Santa Anna's troops occurred in which Santa Anna himself was captured. After this battle on May 14, 1836 Santa Ann signed a treaty recognizing the Independence of Texas |
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What does annex mean? |
To take control of. |
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Who was John Tyler? |
The vice president in 1841. He became the nation's president after the death of William Henry Harrison. |
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When did Texas become a state? |
December 29,1845 |
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What was the New Mexico Terrritory? |
The region sandwiched between the Texas and California territory. |
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What was Santa Fe? |
The Spanish settlement founded in 1610 in what is now New Mexico. |
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Who is William Becknell? |
The first American trader to reach Santa Fe arriving in 1821. |
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What is the Santa Fe trail and its route? |
Becknells route to Santa Fe. It left the Missouri river near Independence Missouri and crossed the praries to the Arkansas River and followed the river west toward the Rocky Mountains before turning south into New Mexico. |
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In 1821 which country considered California a state? |
Mexico |
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What is a Rancho? |
Huge properties bought by Mexican settlers. |
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Who are Rancheros? |
Ranch owners |
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Who was John C Fremont? |
An army officer who made several trips through California in the 1840's. He wrote of the region's mild climate, scenic beauty and abundance of natural resources. |
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What was important about the Rio Grande River? |
The United States disputed the border of Texas. The US insisted that the Rio Grande River formed that border between the US and Mexico. |
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What was important about the Nueces River? |
The Mexican government thought the the border of Texas should be at this river 150 miles further north. |
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What did General Zachary Taylor do? |
He was given orders by President Polk to march his soldiers across the disputed borderland between the Nueces River and the Rio Grande. |
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What is Mexico City? |
The capital of Mexico. |
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What is important about Monterrey? |
It was captured by Zachary Taylor in Sept 1846 during the American Mexican war |
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Who is General Stephen Watts Kearny? |
He led advancing forces west to New Mexico and California during the war with Mexico. |
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What is the Bear Flag Republic? |
The new independent Republic of California |
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Who is Kit Carson? |
A mountain man and guide that had traveled to California on a military expedition |
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Who were the Californios? |
The Mexicans who lived in California. They later became citizens of the United States. |
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What was General Winfield Scott asked to do by President Polk? |
He was asked to capture Mexico City. He was successful in August of 1847 |
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What was in the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo? |
Signed in February 1848, Mexico gave up all claims to Texas and agreed to the Rio Grande as the border between Texas and Mexico. Mexico gave up its provinces of California and New Mexico to the United States. In return the US gave Mexico $15million. |
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What was the Mexican Cession? |
When Mexico gave up its provinces of California and New Mexico. |
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What was the Gadsden Purchase? |
In 1853 the US paid Mexico an additional $10million for a strip of land along the southern edge of the present day states of Arizona and New Mexico. With the Gadsden Purchase the US mainland reached its present size. |
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Who were the "Forty Niners"? |
People who came to California looking for gold. |
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Which Mountain range borders California? |
The Sierra Nevada |
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What is a Boomtown? |
New communities that sprang up because of the Gold Rush. |
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Who was Levi Strauss? |
A Jewish immigrant that sold miners sturdy pants made of denim. |
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What are vigilantes? |
Concerned citizens that took the law into their own hands acting as police, judge, jury and executioner. |
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Who were the Mormons? |
The Members of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints. They moved to Utah to fulfill their vision of the godly life. |
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Who was Joseph Smith? |
He founded the Mormon Church in 1830 in New York |
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Who was Brigham Young? |
He took over as head of the Mormon Church after a mob killed Joseph Smith. He decided the Mormons should move near the Great Salt Lake in present day Utah. |
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What was the Deseret? |
Communities set up in the desert by the Mormons. |
