European History 2

Front 1

What was the Avignon Papacy, when did it take place?

Back 1

1309-1337 when all seven popes lived in Avignon

Front 2

When was the Battle of Agincourt?
Who won, and due to what?

Back 2

October, 25, 1415, part of the hundred years war
The English introduced the long bow

Front 3

What the Great Schism divided:

The cause of the Schism:

Back 3

Christianity into Catholicism and Greek-Byzantine Eastern Orthodoxy
Disputes over papal authority

Front 4

The 1st estate:

The 2nd estate:

The 3rd estate:

Back 4

-Church (clergy = those who prayed
-Nobility (those who fought = knights)
-Peasantry (everyone else)
**Women=classified differently

Front 5

Erasmus lived from:
He wanted a _ within the church, not a schism.
He was rejected by:

Back 5

(1466-1536)
Reform

Catholics, Protestants

Front 6

Erasmus was famous for writing what:

Back 6

The 95 theses against indulgences

Front 7

St. Augustine emphasized what, and how did he die?

Back 7

After a dramatic conversion to Christianity, he Emphasized man's need for grace.
Viewed as a heretic, hanged on the orders of Thomas Cromwell

Front 8

John Calvin did what:
-What did he make Geneva:

Back 8

In 1532, allied himself with the Protestant reformation.
-The "Rome of Protestantism"

Front 9

Leo X was known primarily for his failure to:

Back 9

Stem the Protestant Movement

Front 10

Indulgence:

Back 10

The remission of the temporal punishment due to God for sin

Front 11

Predestination:

Back 11

The belief that G-d has predetermined the people who will go to heaven & hell.

Front 12

Faith:

Back 12

Acceptance of ideals which are not demonstrable through experimentation/reason.

Front 13

Henry VIII lived from:
Married 6 times; what happened to 2 of these wives?

Back 13

(1491–1547)
"divorced" by execution

*of the Tudor Dynasty, wielded great power

Front 14

John Knox lived from:
He is widely regarded as:

Back 14

(1514–1572)
As the father of the Protestant Reformation (Calvanist) in Scotland

Front 15

Servetus lived from:
What were his occupations?

Back 15

(1511–1553)
Theologian, physician and humanist

Front 16

Johann Tetzel lived from:
He sold___
-He raised money for the construction of St. Peter's Basilica in what year:

Back 16

-(1465-1519)
-Indulgences

-1517 (inspired Martin Luther to write thesis)

Front 17

What was the purpose of the Inquisition?

Back 17

To seek out heretics, convert some, kill others
(If possible, save heretic's soul.. if not, keep him from endangering others)

Front 18

Paul III lived from:
He perceived the need for:

Back 18

(1534-1549)
Change
***PAPAL BULL***

Front 19

Society of Jesus (Jesuits)
Founded by:
Used what to achieve its goals:

Back 19

Ignatius Loyola
Education
*CATHOLIC REFORMATION*

Front 20

Due to his injuries in battle, Ignatius Loyola wrote what book?

Back 20

The Spiritual Exercises

Front 21

Marco Polo was Venetian, and one of the first Westerners to travel the _ Road to _
He wrote the book:

Back 21

Silk, China

Il Milione

Front 22

Diaz (1450-1500)
Discovered what in 1488:

Back 22

A way to get around the Cape of Good Hope

Front 23

Da Gama: A portuguese explorer who led an expedition around the Cape of Good Hope, 1497 to find what?

Back 23

The 1st water route to India

Front 24

Columbus sailed in what year?
From Where?

Back 24

1492, Spain..

Front 25

Magellan:
What was he?

Back 25

(1480-1521)
A Portuguese navigator, circumnavigated the world

Front 26

The 30 years war was fought from _ to _.
Where did it principally occur?
It stemmed from a conflict between:

Back 26

1618-1648
The Holy Roman Empire

Catholics, protestants

Front 27

The Spanish Armada was whose attempt to restore what in England?
In what year was Spain the most powerful nation?

Back 27

Phillip, catholicism

1585

Front 28

The Armada consisted of how many vessels, and how many returned?

What did this do for England?

Back 28

160, 17

Empowered it, made it leader of the seas

Front 29

Absolutism:

Back 29

Ultimate authority in the state rests in the hands of a king

Front 30

Richelieu

Back 30

French prelate and statesman; principal minister to Louis XII.