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57 Cards in this Set

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Phylum Sarcodina
Ameoba
Live in the bottom of the water and change shape at will
Entameoba causes diarrhea, and P.A.M. dissolves the brain by going up the nose in lakes
Endoplasm & ectoplasm; Pseudopod id the movement of the cell
"Sarc's" can change their shape, but Sharks can't?
Phylum Ciliophora
Ciliates
Contain an "oral groove" which leads to the gullet
Contain cilia, a contractile vacuole, and a macro and micro nucleus
Paramecium
"Phor-a" hour I ate
Phylum Zoomastigina
Contain flagella
Paranema form a ball and turn

Trypanosoma/ trypanosomiasis (African Sleeping Sickness/ Chagos disease)
Tse Tse Fly(Africa)/ Kissing Bug(South America)
Have flu like symptoms for 1 week and 30% get Megadisease (intestines swell or heart problems)
Gina - Gella
Phylum Sporozoa
To thin to move
Parasites with human hosts

Plasmodium - malaria
Spread by anopheles (female mosquitoes)
Plasmodia enters liver and has lysis release
High fever to chills... - die from dehydration and exhaustion
Chloroquine used to block plasmodia
A Spore...ozoa travels through the blood to the liver
Euglenophyta
Unicellular Algae
Euglena
Very fast
Has red spot near back flagella used for solar vision - contains chloroplasts
EuglEnophYta - EYE
Pyrrophyta
Fire Protists
Unicellular
Dinoflagellates - two flagella (on that moves, the other that wraps around it)
Light up/ glow when agitated
Pyrro - fire
2 r's
Crysophyta
Unicellular
Yellow/Gold Algae
Diatom
Glass cell wall that comes in different shapes
CRYSophyta - "CRYS"tal
Chlorophyta
Multicellular
Green Algae
phytoplankton
volvox - giant ball (60000 cells used for movement)
Chloro - green
phyta - plant
Phaeophyta
Brown Algae
Multicellular
ocean dwelling (seaweed, kelp)
Proteins used in ice cream to keep firm
apparently phaeo means brown
Rhodophyta
Red Algae
400-600 feet below surface
Adapted to dark light
"Cheese consistency"?
The "Rhod" was RED
Acraisiomycota
Protist
Puddle of Slime
Bud like a fungus
"craisi" slime
Myxomycota
Protist
Nuclei come together when bonded
myXOmycota (the face means it breaks all rules)
Fungi energy
Saprophytes - decomposer
Some predation
All Heterotrophs
Simply Review
Basidiomycota
Mushroom - mycelium (root organism)
Amanita Virosa - "Death Angel" (white mushroom)
Head - basidiocarp
"Gills" - Basidiospores
Stalk; rhizomes - roots
Toad, give me "My Cota"
Zygomycota
Mold
contains fruiting bodies that release spores
White roots at beginning stages
Zoinks! I shouldn't have left my food out
Fungi predators
1)Ringworm
2)Tinea - Athlete's foot
3)Histoplasmosis - inhaled spores form mold in through ("dry cough") Mostly found in old humid buildings
4)PCP
5)Thrush - White powder that grows inside mouth (crystal violet cure)
There's 5...
Plantea organization
|Gymnosperms (naked seeds)
|Seed |angiosperms (fruit, flowers)
Vascular
|Seed-less
Non-vascular - mosses(sphagnum - Pete Moss)
Plant branching diagram
Ferns
Vascular - seed-less
Fronds - 2 spots (red; spores)
Sori (Canadian sorry) - Edges of "leaves"
Fronds are each individual "leaf"
Cycadophta
Compared to Palm Tree:
Smaller, thiner leaves
Produce giant cone in center
smaller proportions
"CYC" it's not a palm tree
Ginkophyta
Ginkgo Biloba (only species)
Memory enhancer
Saved from extinction by Japanese
Resistant to pollution
Female has horrible odor
"Gink! Oh! That's what the answer is!!!"
Coniferophyta
7-8 hundred species
Conifers - produce cones
Evergreen - needle, scale leaves
Male pollen touches female cone to grow (wind pollination)
"Cone"ifer
Angiosperm
Anthophyta
Flower - became dominant
Pollinators - anther similar to female wasp
Ovary expands to become fruit - Distribution & protects seed

Also look at figures in notes
This plant is just an "Angio"l

Plant Structure
Roots take in water (absorption, support)
Stem supports the leaves and raises to the sun
TRansport - Xylem(water),Phloem(sap)
Stomata (protected by Guard Cell) - CO2 to O2; H2O release (transpiration)

Also look at figures in notes
Monocot | Dicot
1 cotyledon (seed leaf) | 2 cotyledon - able to easily split in half
Parallel veins | Netted veins
Fibrow roots (mixed/tangled) | Tap roots (straight down and horizontal branches)
Pedals in 3's | Pedals in 4's and 5's
Stem - Vascular bundles (X dots & P outside) | Ring (half & half)
Plant type identification
Invertabrates
No spinal chord
ventral nerve in front
Most primitive - generally small
"Soap, Soap, what is soap?"
Phylum Porifera
Sponges
Asymmetric
Sessile - (unable to move)
Filter feed
PORifera E
Phylum Cnideria
Motile
Polyp shape - tentacles face up
Medusa - tentacles down
Trigger releases venom through nematocyst
I would "nider" get stung
Cnideria Hydrozoa
Polyps - hydra
Tentacles come from side as well
Portuguese Man-o-war - sessile (medusa)
Nematocyst able to enter skin
Portuguese Hy-dro-war
Cnideria Scyphozoa
Jellies
Motile - pulsating
Almost like floating in the "Scy"
Cnideria Anthozoa
Flowering Animals (coral, sea anemones)
Clown fish immune to stinging
From the makers of "ANTs"...

It was actually Disney, not Dreamworks
Phylum Platyhelminthes
Flat Worm
Bilateral
some free living - most parasitic (require 2 hosts)
Plat - Flat
Platyhelminthes Trematoda
Flukes - mostly located in frogs
Schistome - schistosomiasis
1st host - water snail, burrow out of sheel
2nd host - human, burrows into skin submerged in water
Grow into adults outside of intestine - male attaches to female (can live 20 years)
Tropical - swelling of abdomen (eggs lodged in liver)
"Trema" when you enter the water
Platyhelminthes Cestoda
Tape Worms
Head is called "scolex"
Proglotid (egg & sperm) breaks off and makes cyst eaten by herbivore, making a muscle cyst, eaten by human, back to a tape worm
Tape worm eats nutrients entering body - very dangerous if it rots inside the stomach
"Cest" - cyst
Phylum Nematoda
Roundworms - radialsymmetric
Waterborne
Parasitic - double host
"Dang nematodes"
Nematoda Ascaris
Intestinal worm
male has hook
Migrate through digestive system
bullos - large amounts (clumps) of worms
kill you by blockage of intestine (sour environment to naturally go out)
"Asc" if I'm supposed to be pooping worms
Nematoda Necator
Hook Worm
Teeth cut into intestinal and suck blood
Iron deficiency - anemia
1 billion people - burrows into foot
This "necator" might have fallen on the ground
Nematoda Trichinella
Trichinosis - uncooked pork
Forms cysts in muscles
They "trich" us into eating it!
Pinworm
Common American parasite
3 inches long (white thread)
Live in rectum - causes itching and eggs up fingernails
Females make mucus to stick eggs
The mucus "pins" on the rectum
Guinea Worm
3 feet long
Contaminated water - can be locates anywhere in body
Travels to top of foot
"Guinea" pigs dig under the dirt
Filarial worms
Produces hundreds if infected
Blocks lymph system - elephantitis (swelling and inflammation)
It is a "Filar" of stuff inside your body
Phylum Annelida
Segmented worms (earth worms, leeches)
aerators - bilateral
contain 5 hearts (aortic arches)
Mollusca Bivalvia
Two shells
Tube come out of opening and filter feeds
Motile
Clams, Oysters, Mollusks
Bi-
Valv-e
Ia
Mollusca Gastropoda
Snails, Slugs
1 foot - undulating
Organs located inside shells
Salt makes them become "Gas"
Mollusca Cephalopoda
Octopus, Squid, Cuttlefish
Squid has 10 tentacles
Octopi can adapt to surroundings - squeeze into tight areas
Squid feed at night - bottom of ocean
Cuttle fish - luminescent, small squid body, shorter tentacles
"Phal!" It his his legs
Phylum Echinodermata
Sea Star, Sea Cucumber
No blood - water used as a circulatory system
Ability to regenerate
Cucumber - long body (identical to anemony in shape)
Deters pradators by throwing up insides
"Ech! I no" want that anymore
Phylum Arthropoda
Largest phylum - species amount and diversity
Covered by hard exoskeleton
Segmented- head, thorax (cephalothorax), abdoman
"Art" never shows insects
sub-phylum Crustacea
Crayfish, lobster, crabs
Contain exoskeleton but are not segmented
Crabs walk sideways (random fact)
It's almost like they're made out of "crust"
Arthropoda Arachnida
Spiders, Scorpions, Mites, Ticks
Ticks able to spread disease
All scorpions are poisonous - bigger pinchers, less venom
Average 2 mil. spiders every achre - blackwidow(hourglass) & brown ridoose (violin pattern)
Funnel Web spiders - Australia; most deadly spider venom, 1 inch fangs (agressive)
Arcahnid... Spider. DUH!
Arthropoda Insecta
Entemology
Compound eyes - many lenses
Breathe through legs
Reproduce at amazing rate - larva, nymph (looks like adult)
Insecta... Insect. DUH!
Army ant
Live in colonies up to 2 million - migrate
Hunt insects
Some armies travel in the millions
Bullet ant
Bot fly
Sting is equivalent to being shot
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Attaches egg to mosquito which injects larvae into skin - feed on tissue
Robots can put tracking devices on you
Siaphu (driver ant)
Considered as insect predators - Africa (will eat anything)
Completely blind - travel in packs of 20 million
All female - mate with sausage fly (rip off wings and legs)
They'll drive you into death
Verabrates
Internal Skeleton
Dorsal nerve chord
Embryose - notochord (beginnings of spinal chord)
Vertical (straight) animals
Chordata Amphibia
Partially breathe through skin (moist)
3 chambered heart - L & R atria, ventricle
Eggs
Cold-blooded (ectotherm)
C'mon! You know this
Chordata Reptilia
Ectotherms
Most lay eggs
Scaled body
Sensory organ - Jacobson (toungue)
Body digestion
Any terrestrial environment
C'mon! You know this
Chordata Aves
Birds
Hollow bones & feathers
Lay eggs
Fast heart beats - circular breathing pattern
Endotherms - warm-blooded
Plane - avion
Chordata Mammalia
Hair
Live young - make milk (rearing instinct)
Endotherms - warm-blooded
Four chambered heart
C'mon! You know this