Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Process of acetylation
|
-lysine residues @ N term of histone remove + charges
-dec affinity b/t histones &DNA -promoter region is easier to get to -HATs=active chromatin -HDAC=inactive chromatin |
|
|
Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome
|
mutation in gene coding for protein w/HAT activity=poor transcription
-facial dysmorphism -broad thumbs -mental retardation |
|
|
Response elements
|
-conserved seqs
-regulatory proteins upstream -TF's bind to them |
|
|
Cis acting mutations
|
-near the site of transcript
-RE's can't bind easily upstream on the promoter |
|
|
Examples of Cis acting mutations
|
Hemophilia B Leyden:
- w/in 20 bp of factor 9 initiation site HPFH: -gamma globin exp stays for life 175 bp from initiation site HLA: -gene promoter site mutation -autoimmune susceptability=AIDS=ccr5 |
|
|
Trans acting mutations
|
-occur @ a distance from promoter regions
-mutation the genes of TF's -affect transcription -result in congenital abn of dev |
|
|
Transcriptome processing
|
pre mRNA:
-5'methyl cap protects from nucleases,helps bind to ribo -3' poly A tail -splicing -xported out of nucleus via NPC -transcript stability,has regulatory mechs,dependant on endonuclease activity i.e. Fe present on RE=degredation of transcript |
|
|
Spliceosome
|
-has snrps w/ a seq that matches the 5'-3' seq of intron
mutations=probs=CF & neurofibromatosis |
|
|
Alternative splicing
|
-diff mRNA comes from the same gene=isoforms & isoenzymes
-alters the pattern of exons from primary xscript=diff proteins from mRNA -protects from damage from chems &radiation -inc genetic diversity of genome |
|
|
Translational initiation
|
dep on:
-TF's & EF's -proteins that initiate &facilitate ribo fcn -complex in eukaryotes |
|
|
Post-translational modifications of a.a.'s
|
-phosphorylation/glycoylation
-protein kinases+ATP=phosphor of Ser,Tyr,Ter |
|
|
Glycosylation
|
for good protein folding
N: -sugar precursor is added to Asn in RER=a chain that's attatched to dolichol=moves to ER 2types-high mannose/complex, depends on modification in golgi O: -made on protein in later protein processing in golgi -galactosamine is attatched to Ser,Thr |
|
|
Chaperones
|
transport proteins that recognize signal seqs on other proteins & take them into organelles
|
|
|
Control of protein stability
|
prteins are tagged w/ ubiquitin
-lets proteosome id what needs to be degraded |
