Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Channel proteins |
Selectively allow certain molecules or ions to pass thru |
|
|
Integral membrane proteins |
Imbedded in the membrane |
|
|
Peripheral membrane proteins |
Proteins not embedded in membrane but held by h bonds with integral membrane proteins |
|
|
Transmembrane proteins |
Proteins that go thru both layers of the bilayer |
|
|
Passive transport |
Does not require energy Thermondynamically favorable Moves down the gradient |
|
|
Active transport |
Does require energy Against a gradient Coupled to a process that is thermodynamically favorable |
|
|
Molarity |
# moles solute/ #L |
|
|
Molality |
# moles of solute/ #kg solvent |
|
|
Mole fraction |
# moles of substance X/ total moles in solution |
|
|
Vant hoff |
i= a number |
|
|
Boiling point elevation |
T = (Kb)*i*m |
|
|
Freezing point depression |
T = -(Kf)*i*m |
|
|
Hypertonic solution |
Solution has more solute outside than in the cell Cell shrinks |
|
|
Hypotonic solution |
Solute more on inside of cell than outside Cell bursts |
|
|
Simple diffusion |
Passive transport Diffusion of a solute without a protein Driven by hydrophobicity |
|
|
Channels |
Facilitated diffusion/passive transport Voltage gated- channel that opens in response to an electrical impulse Ligand gated- channel that opens when a specific molecule binds to it |
|
|
Carriers |
Facilitated diffusion/passive transport Uniports- transport only 1 molecule at a time Symports- transports 2 in the same direction Antiports- transports 2 in opposite direction |
|
|
Pore |
Not selective Formed by porins Must be below a certain size |
|
|
Primary active transport |
The transport of a molecule is coupled to ATP hydrolysis |
|
|
Secondary active transport |
Not directly coupled to ATP hydrolysis |
|
|
Na/K+ pump pumps what? |
3 Na+ out 2K+ in |
|
|
What kind of transport does the Na+/k+ Atpase use? |
Primary active transport |
|
|
What can leak out of the cell and thru what? |
K+ can leak thru potassium leak channels |
|
|
Is in the interior of the cell - or +? Exterior? |
- inside + outside |
|
|
Ligand |
Generally a hormone or neurotransmitter |
|
|
Ligand gated ion channel |
A ligand binds to an ion channel which opens up that ion channel and and allows a certain ion to flow in |
|
|
G protein linked receptor |
Transmits a ligands message to a second messenger |
|
|
cAMP |
Second messenger Responds to epinephrine and glucagon |
|
|
Stimulatory g protein receptor |
Activate adenylyl cyclase |
|
|
Inhibitory g protein linked receptors |
Inactivate adenylyl cyclase |
|
|
Microtibules |
Largest Hollow rod Alpha and beta tubulin at one end which grows The other end anchored in the microtubule organizing center |
|
|
Microfilaments |
Smallest Actin monomers Movement of the entire cell |
|
|
Intermediate filaments |
Medium size Cell structure, resist mechanical stress |
|
|
Phases of cell cycle |
G1 S G2 M |
|
|
Prophase |
Chromosomes condense Nucleous disappears Spindle and kinetochores appear |
|
|
Metaphase |
Chromosomes line up in the middle |
|
|
Anaphase |
Sister chromatids are pulled apart |
|
|
Telophase |
Nuclear membrane reforms Chromosomes decondense |
|
|
Cytokinesis |
Cleavage furrow and pinching in to divide |
|
|
What protease is responsoble for apoptosis? |
Caspase |
