Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
44 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Which is more common - chronic or acute pancratitis?
|
chronic
|
|
What pathological changes should be expected with acute vs. chronic pancreatitis?
|
acute pancreatitis - no pathological changes
chronic pancreatitis - fibrosis and atrophy |
|
What is the pause of canine pancreatitis?
|
Unknown, but suspect:
dietary indescretion hyperlipidemia heriditary - Min. Schnauzers RX - but no convincing evidence (no steriods) endocrine dz (weak) dehydration (shock) |
|
Pathogenesis of canine pancreatitis
|
Consequence of autodigestion from premature zygomen activation within acinar cells
|
|
C/S of K9 pancreatitis
|
V/D
weakness depression ABD pain prayer position |
|
DX canine pancreatitis
|
Rads - loss of abd detail
U/S |
|
Clinical path changes for pancreatitis?
|
MC-thrombocytopenia (mild)
leukocytosis w. left shift +/- mild increase in liver enz low albumin |
|
Why not use lipase and amylase for diagnosing pancreatitis?
|
poor SN/SP
|
|
This is the most specific test for pancreatitis
|
serum canine pancreatic lipase immunoreactivity
|
|
If cPLI is -
If cPLI is + |
- = look for another DZ
+ = followed up by labratory measurement of serum spec cPL |
|
This is a gold standard for diagnosing pancreatitis
|
biopsy
but can be negative due to being a focal disease |
|
TX for pancreatitis
|
TX underlying cause-ideopathic
Fluid w/hold food if vomiting -low fat diet analgesia antimetics FFP AB & steriods not recommended |
|
Why is it not recommended to use metoclopramide with pancreatitis?
|
can affect spanchnic perfusion (GI tract)
|
|
What other disease with chronic pancreatitis can dogs get?
|
concurrent IBD
|
|
How is chronic pancreatitis TX?
|
No standard of care
|
|
This is a collection of steriole pancretic fluid enclosed by fiberous tissue and thought to be a complication of pancreatitis
|
pancreatic pseudocyst
|
|
TX of pancreatic pseudocyst
|
SX - external or internal drainage - U/S guided aspiration
|
|
This too can be a complication of pancreatits an many times is sterile
|
pancreatic abscess
|
|
TX for pancreatic abscess
|
medical option maybe viable due to high op complication rate
|
|
Exocrine pancreatic insuffiency occurs when
|
there is insuffiecent synthesis and secreation of pancreatic enzymes = lack of digestive enzymes
|
|
What is the MC cause of EPI?
|
atrophy or chronic pancreatitis
|
|
How much of the exocrine function must be lost for EPI?
|
90%
|
|
C/S for EPI?
|
Weight loss
loose stolls poor hair coat borboygmus and flatulence increased appetitie coprophagia and/or pica |
|
What is the gold standard for diagnosing EPI?
|
TLI
trypsin like immunoreactivity |
|
What are two senerios that TLI is normal, but they have EPI
|
1. isolated pancreatic lipase deficiency (only reported in one dog)
2. obstructed pancreatic duct (not been reported in dogs) |
|
What is the treatment of choice for cEPI?
|
Exogenous replacement of digestive enzymes
- pork/beef - MC 1 tsp/10# and slowly decrease to lowest effective dose |
|
Which form of pancreatic enzyme is prefered?
|
powder to tablets
|
|
What is a side effect of EPI enzyme supplementation?
What test should be run? |
Recent study of dogs have oral bleeding (3/25) when TX with pancreatic enzyme supplementation.
Run a coag profile - if normal then decrease dose |
|
What should be done if dogs do not eat the pancreatitic powder?
|
Try raw pancrease (beef, pork, sheep, or game).
Divide into individual meals and freeze |
|
What water soluable vitamin has been found to be deficient in 82% of EPI dogs?
|
cobalamin (B12)
|
|
How often is Cobalamin injected when there is a deficiency?
|
250-1500 ug/injection
1x/week x 6 weeks EOW/x 6 weeks |
|
What to do when dogs not responding to EPI TX?
|
re-evaluate - type formation and dose of enzyme supplement.
R/O IBD, DM, or SIBO |
|
If have concurrent SIBO and EPI, what additional AB should be added to TX?
|
Tylosin
Metronidazole |
|
What is the prognosis for canine EPI?
|
Life long TX< but normal life
Shorter survival with decreased cobalamin |
|
What is a benign pancreatitic exocrine neoplasia? TX?
|
pancreatic adenoma - no TX
|
|
What is the neoplasic exocrine pancreatic neoplasia?
|
pancratic adenocarcinoma
partial pancreatectomy grave prognosis - mets common |
|
This type of pancreatic disease in cats occurs in youger aniamls and has inflammation with >50% neutrophils?
|
acute suppurative pancreatitis
|
|
This feline pancreatic disease has lymphocytes and plasma cells
|
chronic non-suppurative pancreatitis
|
|
What type of neoplasia affects cats MC
|
adenocarcinoma
|
|
What is the etiology for actue necrotizing pancreatitis
|
unknown etiolgies, but suspected:
conccurent billary tract infection (cholangitis) concurent IBD pancreatic ductal obstruction Co-infection - FIV/FeLV, flukes, calici virus |
|
What are clinical signs for acute necrotizing pancreatitis
|
young cats
anorexia lethargy hypocalcemia is common in cats |
|
TX for feline acute necrotizing pancreatitis
|
Only w/hold food if vomiting
provide feeding tube pain antimetics calcium gluconate (low Ca- ass. with worse prognosis) Broad spectrum AB - maybe sterile, but help with necrosis |
|
WHen IBD is conccurent with acute necrotizing pancreatitis, how do you TX?
|
TX IBD first with dietary modification.
|
|
What are complications of acute necrotizing pancreatitis?
|
chronic non-suppartive pancreatitis
EPI hepatic lipidosis |