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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Define Axiology
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Science in charge of studying values
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Define Value
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Everything that we appreciate, value, recognize and accept as valuable.
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Define ontological value
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The value a thing has by itself
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Define subjective value
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The value an object has to a person (personally)
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Define hierarchy of values
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The fact that every person has his or her own preference of values, and they have an order of importance.
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Define the valuation process
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Ability to realize what you appreciate and want, and act accordingly to your own decisions and know the influences and the environment's position.
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Which are the steps for anonymous decision?
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1) Free seletion
2) Selecting among several alternatives 3) Selecting after the careful consideration of the consequences of each alternative 4) Appreciating and enjoying the selection made 5) Public reaffirmation 6) Acting according to the selection 7) Applying it repeatedly in our lives |
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Which are the characteristics of values?
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Polarity
Universality History Dynamism Identity Transcendence |
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What is polarity?
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That every value has an opposite.
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What is universality?
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That cultures of all times and latitudes have felt the necessity to value, live and share common values.
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What is history?
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Some values are preferred or looked on for the moment that society is living.
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What is dynamism?
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It's how a value is understood and practiced changes with time and according to the moment society is placed.
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What is identity?
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Living certain values allows each society to differentiate themselves from others
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What is transcendence?
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What injects a motivating principle into people.
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Which are the types of values?
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Transcendent
Ethical and moral Aesthetic Spiritual Social Political Theoretical Economical Biological |
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Which are the characteristics of values?
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- Universal or shared
- Not shared - Controversial |
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Explain plurality vs cultural diversity
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- Individual differences enrich our societies
- We need to live and respect values that allow us to co-exist with one another - Civil ethics: Freedom, equality, solidarity, respect and communication |
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What are approaches and standards?
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We have ethical dilemmas when we have to decide between to options where values are sacrificed or juxtaposed.
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What are the standards of evaluation?
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Reversibility (Golden rule)
Universalizability Publicity Legacy (remembrance) Telling a friend |
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Which are the 6 ethical approaches we could choose from?
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Utilitarianism
Virtue Justice Common good Deontological Rights |
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Which are the three branches of ethics?
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Motive (Deontological)
Action (Virtue ethics) End (Teleological ethics) |
