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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is Psychological Egoism?
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-Every Human is motivated by self interest
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Is there such thing as an ARTUISTIC action?
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NO
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in REALITY what is "ALTRUISTIC" behavior connected with?
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The desire to have a more significant life, the desire for public recongition, feelings of personal satisfaction, and the hope of heaven as a reward.
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Is altruistic a normative theory?
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no
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Altruistic is a _______ claim about human nature.
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descriptive
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What does "strategy of reinterpreting motives" mean?
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We can always come up with an explanation for behavior such as psyc.Egoism is true.
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What is the strategy of reinterpreting motives showing about P.E?
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That it is just possible. Falsity not provable in either direction.
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Arugument: We always do what we most want to do...what is this argument?
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Ultimately, every time we voluntarily act, we are doing what we want to do most, so why should any action deserve praise?
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What are rachels (3) objections to the "what we want most" argument?
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1.what about things we do because they are a neccessary means to something else we want?
2. to something else we do out of duty? 3. selfishness is determinded by the object of our desire, not the desire itself. |
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Argument: That we do what makes us feel good- what is this?
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people who do seemingly altruistic acts feel good about those actions, so they're really getting something selfish out of it all-their own warm fuzzy feelings.
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what are rachels arguments for the "feels good" argument?
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Do they type of things we do to make us feel good determine what kind of person we are? (selfish or unselfish?)
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what are the 3 confusions for chapter 5?
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1. selfishness with self-interestedness.
2. self-interestedness with hedonism 3. assuming self-interestedness is incompatible with other concernedness |
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What is selfishness?
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ignors interests of others when they shouldn't be ignored.
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what is self-interestedness?
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attends to one's own interests, but not that the expense of others.
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What is Hedonism?
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morally correct action is always to pursue one's own pleasures and avoid pain
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Hedonism is the subject of ____ ____, and is not the same as _____________.
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self-interestedness
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Hedonism- pursuing pleasure is ___ always in one's ____- _____. Example?
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not; self-interest; smoking
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how/why is smoking proven false in P.E?
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we don't always act in self interest...smoking isn't a self-interest.
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what is False dichotomy?
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wanting what is best for oneself does not rule out wanting what is best for others as well.
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What does Rachels think are the deepest errors in chapter 5- P.E? (give 1 reason)
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1.P.E is irrefutable
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Testability requirement- explain this?
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for a theory to carry any weight, we must be able to say what it would be like to prove it false.
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Chapter 5-rachels opinion of the errors: There must be some imaginable conditions that could prove it ____, otherwise the theory is _____.
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false; vacuous.
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