Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Punishment |
-should be proportionate to the crime -should be held accountable for their actions -safer community if lawbreakers are punished/in jail -max happiness for Utilitarians when justice has been served |
|
|
No punishment |
-might punish those who did no wrong/innocent -some may not get proportional punishment -punishments stronger for certain race/gender (bias) -two wrongs don’t make a right |
|
|
Capital Punishment |
-proportionality= take a life, forfeit own (duty ethics) -deterrence for wrong doers & for others who could do it -shouldn’t provide care for murderers-could get parole/escape/hurt others -closure for victims |
|
|
No capital punishment |
-execute innocent persons sometimes -brutalizes society by stooping to their level (DCT) -right to life/sanctity (basic human right) -executions cost more |
|
|
Suicide |
-their right to decide -kill 5 people or yourself -pro-choice -certain situations/not always negative |
|
|
No suicide |
-duty ethics -loved ones suffer -people who have it worse/quality of life isn’t as bad |
|
|
Euthanasia |
-family will no longer see them suffer -use less resources/ money -no longer burden -support: SCT, Ethical egoism, Utilitarianism |
|
|
No euthanasia |
-people could get pressured into doing it -slippery slope -still killing (right to life)/ lowers value of life -doctor plays God -support: DCT, NLT |
|
|
Animal rights |
-Golden rule -have less complex desires -all means of interest deserve rights -support: Utilitarianism, Duty ethics, virtue ethics, NLT |
|
|
No animal rights |
-DCT -can’t be involved in contract (SCT) -has to have personal relationship w/ animal (care ethics) |
|
|
Giving up luxuries to end world hunger |
-focus on those worse off -maximize happiness, do what morally should, virtuous person would -require: Utilitarianism, duty ethics, DCT, NLT, virtue ethics -supererogatory: care ethics, SCT -golden rule -singer argument |
|
|
Retaining luxuries even though there is world hunger |
-ethical egoism: won’t always benefit me -what % of the donations actually help -individuals earned their money should spend as please -will not solve problem/take advantage of system |
|
|
Legalizing drugs |
-taxable/creates jobs -your body/private life -jails will be less crowded/spend money elsewhere -pleasure for users/medical benefits |
|
|
Not legalizing drugs |
-some are worse than others -youth wouldn’t be able to gain access as easily/parents expose -could increase addiction -may lead to crime/accidents -slippery slope (have to legalize all drugs?) |
|
|
Abortion |
-pro-choice -no right to life for fetus -women have right to their own bodies -safer than other options (self abortion/injury) -rape/incest cases |
|
|
No abortion |
-pro-life -fetus becomes persons (right to life) -might use as birth control -adoption -not healthy for mother |
|
|
Kant's categorical imperative |
-“Act only according to the maxim by which you can at the same time will that it should become a universal law” =act only if you’re ok with everyone doing it -“Never treat anyone as a mere means rather than an end in themselves” =respect their free will/autonomy/rationale -improves on the golden rule |
|
|
Epicurus' death argument |
-shouldn’t be afraid of dying -hasn’t happened so can’t be afraid -nothing affects us when we’re dead |
|
|
feminism |
-men and women are treated differently -the difference in treatment is unfair |
|
|
virtues vs. vices |
-virtues and vices are character traits that are manifested in habitual action -positive & balanced = virtues -negative & extreme = vices |
|
|
perfect vs. imperfect duties |
-perfect duties = absolute/ negative rights/ do no harm =self -no suicide, no self-deception, no self-destructive behavior =others -no murder, no stealing, no rape/abuse -imperfect duties = positive rights/ provide care or aide =self -checkups, diet, education, develop talents =others -save lives, kindness, volunteer |
|
|
partiality |
-preferral treatment to certain people -positive bias -good only in some cases |
|
|
trolley scenarios |
-flip switch to kill 5 or kill 1 -Utilitarianism =kill 1 to max happiness -Duty ethics= can’t stop it from happening so kill 5 |
