Ethics

Front 1

A _____is a calling that requires specialized knowledge and often long and intensiveacademic preparation.

Back 1

profession

Front 2

Clients are more aware of what they need from service providers, more willing to look out-side their own organization to get the best possible services, and better able to drive a hardbargain to get the best possible services at the lowest possible cost.

Back 2

Client Sophistication (gayalbeba)

Front 3

Major scandals and tougher laws enacted to avoid future scandals (e.g., Sarbanes-Oxley)have created an environment in which there is less trust and more oversight in client–service provider relationships.

Back 3

Governance

Front 4

Clients and service providers have built their working relationships on the expectation thatthey can communicate easily and instantly around the globe through electronic teleconfer-ences, audio conferences, e-mail, and wireless devices.

Back 4

Connectivity

Front 5

Clients expect to be able to see work-in-progress in real time, and they expect to be ableto influence that work. No longer are clients willing to wait until the end product is completebefore they weigh in with comments and feedback.

Back 5

Transparency

Front 6

Clients are able to break down their business processes into the fundamental steps anddecide which they will perform themselves and which they will outsource to serviceproviders.

Back 6

Modularization

Front 7

Clients are able to evaluate and choose among service providers around the globe, makingthe service provider industry extremely competitive.

Back 7

Globalization

Front 8

Clients look at the delivery of low-end services (e.g., staff augmentation to complete a proj-ect) as a commodity service for which price is the primary criterion for choosing a serviceprovider. For the delivery of high-end services (e.g., development of an IT strategic plan),clients seek to form a partnership with their service providers

Back 8

Commoditization

Front 9

___is a trade group that represents the world’slargest software and hardware manufacturers. Its mission is to stop the unauthorized copy-ing of software produced by its members

Back 9

The Business Software Alliance (BSA)

Front 10

__ is information, generally unknown to the public, that a companyhas taken strong measures to keep confidential. It represents something of economic valuethat has required effort or cost to develop and that has some degree of uniqueness or novelty.

Back 10

A trade secret

Front 11

___ is an effort by an employee to attract attention to a negligent, ille-gal, unethical, abusive, or dangerous act by a company that threatens the public interest. they often have special information based on their expertise or position withinthe offending organization.

Back 11

Whistle-blowing (sastvenis chaberva)

Front 12

___ is the crime of obtaining goods, services, or property through deception or trickery. this misrepresentation occurs when a person consciously decides to induceanother person to rely and act on the misrepresentation.

Back 12

Fraud

Front 13

__ is the misstatement or incomplete statement of a material fact. Ifthis causes the other party to enter into a contract, that party may havethe legal right to cancel the contract or seek reimbursement for damages.

Back 13

Misrepresentation(damaxinjeba, arasworad warmodgena)

Front 14

Breach of contract occurs when one party fails to meet the terms of a contract. Fur-ther, a material breach of contract occurs when a party fails to perform certain expressor implied obligations, which impairs or destroys the essence of the contract. Because thereis no clear line between a minor breach and a material breach, determination is made ona case-by-case basis. “When there has been a material breach of contract, the non-breach-ing party can either: (1) rescind the contract, seek restitution of any compensation paidunder the contract to the breaching party, and be discharged from any further performanceunder the contract; or (2) treat the contract as being in effect and sue the breaching partyto recover damages.”20

Back 14

blabla

Front 15

____involves providing money, property, or favors to someone in business or govern-ment to obtain a business advantage

Back 15

bribery

Front 16

_____makes it a crime to bribe a foreignofficial, a foreign political party official, or a candidate for foreign political office. The actapplies to any U.S. citizen or company, or to any company with shares listed on any U.S.stock exchange.

Back 16

The U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA)

Front 17

____involves lying on a résumé and claiming compe-tence in an IT skill that is in high demand.

Back 17

resume inflation

Front 18

term____distinguishes the person who uses a hardware or software product fromthe IT workers who develop, install, service, and support the product.

Back 18

IT user

Front 19

________states the principles and core values that are essential to thework of a particular occupational group.

Back 19

A professional code of ethics

Front 20

_____indicates that a professional possesses a particular set of skills, knowledge, orabilities, in the opinion of the certifying organization

Back 20

certification

Front 21

In the United States, ____ is government-issued permission to engage inan activity or to operate a business.

Back 21

a government license

Front 22

The core______ for any profession outlines agreed-upon sets of skills and abilitiesthat all licensed professionals must possess.

Back 22

body of knowledge

Front 23

___ has been defined as not doing something that a reasonable person would do,or doing something that a reasonable person would not do.

Back 23

Negligence

Front 24

______ refers to the obliga-tion to protect people against any unreasonable harm or risk. For example, people have aduty to keep their pets from attacking others and to operate their cars safely.

Back 24

Duty of care

Front 25

The courts decide whether parties owe a duty of care by applying a ___ to evaluate how an objective, careful, and conscientious person would have actedin the same circumstances.

Back 25

reasonable person standard

Front 26

Likewise, defendants who have particular expertise or com-petence are measured against a ______

Back 26

reasonable professional standard.

Front 27

A _____ is the failure to act as a reasonableperson would act.

Back 27

breach of the duty of care

Front 28

A ____ is a hardware or software device that serves as a barrier between an organization’snetwork and the Internet;

Back 28

firewall