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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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virtue theory
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the view that morality involves producing excellent persons who act well out of spontaneous goodness and serve as examples to inspire others.
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cardinal virtues
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four principle virtues advocated by plato: wisdom, temperance, courage, and justice
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theological virtues
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the principal virtues articulated by St Paul: faith, hope, and charity
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moral virtues
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honesty, benevolence, non-malevolence, fairness, kindness, conscientiousness, gratitude
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non moral virtues
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courage, optimism, rationality, self-control, patience, endurance, industry, musical talent, cleanliness, wit
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virtue-based theory
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we should acquire good character traits not simply act according to moral rules
morality involves being a virtuous person |
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action-based theory
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we should act properly by following moral rules
we judge people based on how they act not on whether they are virtuous people |
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pure virtue based ethics
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the virtues are dominant and have intrinsic value. moral rules or duties are derived from the virtues.
ex: if we calim that we have a duty to be just or beneficent, we must discover the virtues of fairness and benevolence in the good person |
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the standard action based view
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virtues are derived from the principles and are instrumental in performing right actions. for each virtue, there is a corresponding principle that is the important aspect of the relationship.
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complementary (pluralistic) ethics
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both action based and virtue based models are necessary for an adequate or complete system. they complement each other
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the action nature of the rules thesis
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moral rules require a person to perform or omit certain actins, these actions can be performed by persons who lack the various virtues as well as by those who possess them
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the reduction thesis
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the moral virtues are dispositions to obey the moral rules--that is, to perform or omit certain actions. according to the correspondence theory of virtues, each virtue corresponds to an appropriate moral principle
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instrumental value thesis
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the moral virtues have no intrinsic value but do have instrumental and derivative value. the virtues are important only because they motivate right action.
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