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260 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
what law mandates DQP's?
|
The Horse Protection Act (HPA)
|
|
HREA?
|
Health Research Extension Act. 1985 Amendments to the Awa
|
|
what is the difference between vivisection and surgery?
|
surgery uses anesthesia, vivisection doesn't.
|
|
what % of animals experience pain in research?
|
>8%
|
|
What does PRCA stand for?
|
Profession Rodeo Cowboys Association.
|
|
What did the PRCA do?
|
the 1st org. to develop code for ethics on how to treat animals
|
|
what is the % of animals that get injured or die from research?
|
40
|
|
what animal was tested for legionaries?
|
guinea pigs
|
|
AHA
|
American Humane Association
|
|
What did the AHA do?
|
they started off taking care of abandoned children. and they sign the thing that says "no animals were harmed in the production of this movie".
|
|
sentient?
|
having a conscious mind
|
|
who researched SIDS?
|
John Orem
|
|
how many dogs and cats are killed on the road each year?
|
6.2 million
|
|
what animal welfare group regulates the media's use of animals in movies?
|
The American Humane Association (AHA)
|
|
ADI?
|
Acceptable daily intake
|
|
Halal?
|
"permitted" arabic
|
|
how long do you transport cattle for?
|
48 hrs
|
|
what are downer animals?
|
they cant get up, and they are not allowed to be slaughter for human consumption.
|
|
what do you need to become scientifically valid?
|
- has to be replicated with similar results.
- has to have a control. |
|
who enforces the AWA?
|
USDA
|
|
how often do you check the water when you are shipping the dogs?
how often do you inspect? |
-12 hrs
- 4 hrs |
|
-what % of animals are used for food?
-how many are used in research? |
-96.7%
-3% |
|
how many cats and dogs are killed on the road/yr?
|
6.2 million
|
|
what month are horses breed? born?
|
feburary, january
|
|
when are the PMU horses breed? Born?
|
breed june, may
|
|
how do you reduce the # of animals used in research?
|
refinement, cloning, inbreeding, looking at 1 thing at a time, repeated sampling.
|
|
what country added octopus to the list of protected lab animals?
|
Britain
|
|
we know most about the ____ brains.
|
cat's
|
|
the genome we know most about is the _____.
|
mouse
|
|
What makes the PCRA so unique?
|
they were the first to develope code of ethics for animals used and the purpose of spurs when riding horse, as well as the strap to make the animals buck.
|
|
What book is accepted by hitler?
|
Theozoology
|
|
how many asian elephants are in left in the wild in 2004?
|
35,000
|
|
only ___ surgeries are allowed on an animals in their lifetime in lab animal research.
|
1
|
|
The ___ determines the frequency, method and duration of exercise required for dogs in research facilities, for dealers and for exhibitors.
|
Vet
|
|
the only country that collected systematic date on animal pain and distress is ____.
|
Holland
|
|
only animal that allows the human sperm penetration of its eggs is the ___.
|
hamsters
|
|
federal law prohibits more than ___ survival type surgery on an experimental animal.
|
1
|
|
how many calf roping injuries have there been?
|
12 injuries
|
|
Category B in pain classification
|
none at all, holding, breeding, etc.
|
|
category c in pain classification
|
no more than a momentary or slight pain with no use of pain relieving drugs. like euthanasia, injections, and blood sampling.
|
|
category D in pain classifications
|
pain or distress appropriately relieved with anesthetics, analgesics, and or tranquilizer drugs or other methods for relieving pain.
|
|
category e!
|
pain or distress or potential, NOT relieved with any kind of pain reliever.
|
|
what was significant about 1984 with diptheria?
|
well the first did research of diptheria on a dog. but in 984 they came out with an anti-toxin.
|
|
1st pancreatectomized animals used to develop diabetes help thing.
|
dog
|
|
dr john orem did what kinda research?
|
sleep apnea and sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)
|
|
what is heterotopic transplant?
|
transplantation of tissue to a place it is not normally found.
|
|
xenografting?
|
grafting of tissue from one species to another.
|
|
first animal to get bio artificial liver used on him.
|
pig
|
|
L.A. county kills _______ dogs and cats/yr in its lbs.
|
35,000-50,0000
|
|
% of money that is spent on healthcare in the U.S that is used for biomedical research
|
>4%
|
|
___ is the humane killing of an animal by a method which produces rapid unconsciousness and subsequent death, without evidence of pain or distress.
|
euthanasia
|
|
___ is the philosophy in which the individual believes using animals for the betterment of people is acceptable, as long as the animal is treated with compassion.
|
utilitarian philosophy
|
|
___ means one's place or relative position, or one's rank in the community.
|
standing
|
|
____ are people who believe that individuals can do whatever they want to animals, and that humans are the only species with any rights.
|
dominionists
|
|
what does the animals welfare concept imply?
|
that humankind has dominion over animals, and as such has responsibility for animal well-being.
|
|
what does animals right oppose?
|
opposed to biomedical research using animals, sporting event, using animals for clothing, entertainment, product testing, and eating animals.
|
|
The _____ sets standards including provisions for housing, feeding, watering, sanitation, ventilation, the use of anesthesia for painful procedures, and the availability of veterinary medical and post- operative care at the federal level.
|
The Animal Welfare Act
|
|
The _____ of 1985 requires the National Institutes of Health (NIH) to create guidelines for animal use and to develop a research plan for alternatives to the use of animals.
|
HREA
|
|
HREA stands for?
|
Health Research Extension Act
|
|
____ means cutting into a live animal (originally meant "without anesthesia", because it had not been developed yet).
|
vivisection
|
|
what is the % of rats and mice that are used in research?
|
90-95%
|
|
___ is the view that a person should pursue his or her own self- interests, even at the expense of others.
|
egoism
|
|
___ philosophies embrace the idea that people are equal to other life forms.
|
eastern
|
|
____ philosophies teach that man dominates God's creations.
|
Western
|
|
the ___ religion forbids the eating of all meat and animal products.
|
jainism
|
|
animals have been used in experiments for more than ____ year.
|
2,300
|
|
___ used animals in experiments, helping him to create the sciences of zoology and comparative anatomy.
|
aristotle
|
|
___ used animals experimentation to demonstrate that veins carried blood.
|
Galen
|
|
the first known blood transfusions by Dr. Lower in 1665 were performed on ____.
|
dog
|
|
_____ was the first law in the modern-day world to protect farm animals from cruel treatment.
|
The Body of Liberties
|
|
____ is the largest American animal rights organizations-boasting a $40 million a year budget.
|
HSUS
|
|
The number of animals shelters supported by this organization in the United States: ______
|
0
|
|
number of companion animals taken in by american animal shelters annually; _____
|
15 million
|
|
number of companion animals euthanized annually in the U.S.: ____
|
11-13 million
|
|
The ____ is the legislation that included the humane handling of animals prior to and during slaughter.
|
Humane Slaughter Act
|
|
what year was the american animals transportation act passed?
|
1906
|
|
The ____ prohibits the showing, sale, auction, exhibition, or transport of sored horses.
|
Horse Protection Act
|
|
____ was the year the Animal Welfare Act first became law in the U.S
|
1966
|
|
What is a DQP?
|
Designated Qualified Person. Its a person who inspects horses make sure no horses are sored.
|
|
The _____ Act makes it a felony and imposes a fine of up to $10,000 and a jail sentence of up to a year for individuals who injure a person during an attack on an animal enterprise.
|
Animal Enterprise Protection Act
|
|
The ____ requires animal shelter to hold and care for dogs and cats for at least five days before providing them to a dealer.
|
The Federal Register
|
|
In 1959, ______ , written by Russel and Burch, described a method of minimizing unncessary suffering and use of animals in laboratiories.
|
The Principles of Humane Experimental Technique
|
|
____ means (whole animal) research.
|
in vivo
|
|
____ was the year the AWA was initially passed by congress.
|
1966
|
|
In 1985, the U.S Congress passed two laws that required facilities conducting Biomedical research on animals to establish IACUCs. These law were?
|
HREA & ISLA
|
|
what does ISLA stand for?
|
improved standards for laboratory animals act
|
|
IACUC stands for?
|
institutional animals care and use committees
|
|
The ____ has an obligation to review all research projects proposed for PHS support prior to their receiving funding.
|
IACUC
|
|
____ must prepare reports of animal facility inspections and submit them to the institutional official.
|
IACUC
|
|
In most institutions, the ___ is responsible for training and instruction to institutional personnel on humane methods of animals maintenance and experimentation.
|
vet
|
|
Humane methods of animals maintenance and experimentation would include the following:
|
a. basic needs of each species of animal
b. proper handling and care for various species of animals used by facility. c. proper pre & post procedural care of animals. d. aseptic surgical methods & procedures. |
|
The ____ was prepared specifically toward farm animal research activities with special consideration given to current practices and issues in commercial agriculture
|
Agri Guide
|
|
____ refers to substitution, either wholly or in part, of the animal model with a non-animal model.
|
replacement
|
|
___ is a non-animal test used to test for carcinogenicity-but is made from mouse liver cells.
|
Ames
|
|
____ & _____ are two methods used to reduce the numbers of animals used in experiments without compromising results and statistical integrity.
|
reduction, replacement
|
|
APHIS?
|
animal plant and health inspection services
|
|
___ is an experiment done within a whole living organism.
|
in vivo
|
|
___ is an experiment done in an artificial environment outside the living organism.
|
in vitro
|
|
ISLA stands for ____________, an amendment to AWA.
|
improved standards for lab animal act
|
|
who enforces the AWA?
|
USDA
|
|
when the AWA first became a law, which animals were its main concern?
|
cats & dogs
|
|
____ is the unit of APHIS that directly monitors animal care facilities through unannounced visits for compliance with the regulations.
|
REAC
|
|
what does REAC stand for?
|
Regulatory Enforcement of animal care
|
|
which animals are excluded in the AWA?
|
a. domestic farm animals
b. mice/ rats c. birds |
|
who determines the frequency, method, and duration of exercise required for dogs in research facilities, for dealers, and for exhibitors?
|
by vet, approval needed by IACUC
|
|
when shipping dogs and cats, water must be given at least every ___ hr.
|
12
|
|
when transporting animals, the accomplanying person must check on the animals at least every ___ hr to ensure proper air, temp., etc.
|
4
|
|
which three documents should farm animal facilities be familiar with in order to stay in compliance with standards for agricultural production, and thus partially qualify for accreditation?
|
the AWA, the NIH guide, the Ag guide
|
|
_____ is the major U.S government agency funding lab animal research.
|
NIH
|
|
____ is the branch of the NIH responsible for the monitoring of compliance to standards of humane treatment of research animals.
|
OLAW or OPRR
|
|
one-fourth of the animals under ___ grants involve field studies of free living wild animals.
|
NSF
|
|
in california, the regulation of research facilities falls under _____.
|
departments of health
|
|
1st kidney research was on ____.
|
dogs
|
|
% of animals used in product testing.
|
>1%
|
|
% of money spent on health care.
|
>4%
|
|
% of animals used for food.
|
96.7
|
|
% of animals used in biomedical research?
|
3
|
|
% of animals used in non biomedical research is:
|
>1%
|
|
hetertopic transplant?
|
moving things to a place it doesnt belong
|
|
bio artificial liver first came from a:
|
pig
|
|
anesthesia?
|
general or local insensibility, but not necessarily awake.
|
|
analgesia?
|
absense of sense of pain, without loss of consciousness (aka awake)
|
|
____ is the U.S Army neurosurgeon who researched head injuries in cats.
|
Dr. Michael Carey
|
|
The Pennsylvania Head Injury researchers were trying to mimic which type of common head injury?
|
whiplash
|
|
which type of animal was used in the Head Injury Research?
|
baboon
|
|
HFI was a state referendum in ______.
|
Massachusetts
|
|
____ is a loss of the sensory nerve fibers from a portion of the body.
|
deafferentation
|
|
heterograft is also called ______
|
xenotransplant
|
|
what are armadillos used for?
|
leprosy
|
|
bears?
|
osteoporosis
|
|
chinchillas?
|
middle ear infections
|
|
cocaroach
|
CNS repair
|
|
dog?
|
hip and joint replacement, heart transplants, hemophilia.
|
|
electric eels?
|
neurobiological studies
|
|
guinea pig?
|
vitamin C deficiencies and other nutritional ailments
|
|
ferret?
|
gastro-intestinal disorders, endocrine diseases, influenze virus
|
|
hamster?
|
male fertility
|
|
lobsters?
|
syphilis, parkinson's disease and huntington's choreas, all motor coordination diseases
|
|
mouse?
|
auto-immune syster
|
|
opossum?
|
embryonic development, esophagus and bacterial endocarditis
|
|
pig?
|
heart, lung skin, and kidney transplants
|
|
primate?
|
hormone levels, viral infections, behavioral studies
|
|
rabbit?
|
tissue damage from heart attack or stroke
|
|
rat
|
drug addiction withdrawal
|
|
what is a salamander used for?
|
replacing dead heart muscle, regeneration (limbs, lens, organs)
|
|
___ is the humane killing of an animal accomplished by a method which produces rapid unconsciousness and subsequent death, without evidence of pain or distress.
|
euthanasia.
|
|
___ is the philosophy in which the individual believes using animals for the betterment of people is acceptable, as long as the animal is treated with compassion.
|
utilitarian philosophy
|
|
____ means ones place or relative position, or one's rank in the community.
|
standing.
|
|
___ are people who believe that individuals can do whatever they want to animals, and that humans are the one species with any rights.
|
dominionist
|
|
what does the animal welfare concept imply?
|
that human kind has dominion over animals, and as such has a responsibility for animal well-being.
|
|
____ sets standards including provisions for housing, feeding,watering,sanitation, ventilation, the use of anesthesia for painful procudures, and the availability of veterinary medical and post-operative care at the federal level.
|
the AWA
|
|
____ of 185 requires the national Institutes of health (NIH) to create guidelines for animal use and to develop a research plan for alternatives to the use of animals.
|
HREA
|
|
HREA stands for?
|
Health Research extension act
|
|
___ means butting into a live anima (o.g meant without aneathesia because it had not been developed yet).
|
vivisection
|
|
___ is the % of rats and mice that are used in research
|
90-95%
|
|
____ is the view that a person should pursue his or her own self interests, even at the expense of others.
|
egoism
|
|
___ philosophies teach that man dominates God's creation.
|
Western
|
|
____ philosophies embrace the idea that people are equal to other life forms.
|
eastern
|
|
animas have been used in experiments for more than ____ yrs.
|
2300
|
|
___ used animals in experiments, helpin g him to create the science of zoology and comparative anatomy.
|
aristotle
|
|
___ used animal experimentation to demonstrate that veins carried blood.
|
Galen
|
|
the first known blood transfusions by Dr. Lower in 1665 were performed on ____.
|
dog
|
|
____ was the first law in the modern day world to protect farm animals from cruel treatment.
|
The body of liberties
|
|
___ is the largest american animal rights org. boasting a $40 million a yr budget
|
HSUS
|
|
the number of animal shelters supported by HSUS in the U.S.
|
0
|
|
number of companion animals euthanized annually in the U.S
|
11-13 million
|
|
the _______ is the legisation that included the humane handling of animals prior to and during sluaghter.
|
the humane slaughter act
|
|
what year was the AMerican Animal Transportation act passed?
|
1906
|
|
the ____ prohibits the showing , sale, auction, exhibiton, or transport of sored horses.
|
The horse protection act.
|
|
____ was the year the animal welfare act first became law in the U. S
|
1966
|
|
What is a DQP?
|
designated qualified person. person who inspects horses making sure no horses are sored.
|
|
____ act makes it a felony and imposes a fine of up to $10,000 and a jail sentence of up to a year for individuals who injure a person during an attack on animal enterprise.
|
The animal enterprise protection act
|
|
the ________ requires that animal shelters to hold and care for dogs and cats for at least five days before providing them to a dealer.
|
the federal register
|
|
The ____ was the first legislation in the world to regulate the use of animals in research.
|
cruelty to animals act
|
|
in 1959, ____, written by Russel and Burch, described a method of minimizing unneccary suffering and use of animal in laboratories.
|
The Principles of Humane Experimental Technique
|
|
___ means (whole-animal) research
|
in vivo
|
|
____ was the year the AWA was initially passed by congress.
|
1966
|
|
in 1985, the U.S congress passed two law that required facilities conduction biomedical research on animals to establish IACUCs. These laws were:
|
a. HREA
b. ISLA |
|
what does ISLA?
|
improved standards for laboratory animals act
|
|
___ must prepare reports of animal facility inspection and submit them to the institutional official.
|
IACUC
|
|
Humane methods of animal maintenance and experimentation would include the following:
|
a. basic needs of each species of animal
b. proper handling & care for various species of animals used by facility. c. proper pre & post procedural care of animals. d. aseptic surgical methods & procedures. |
|
____ was prepared specifically toward farm animal research activities with special consideration given to current practices and issues in commercial agriculture.
|
Agri Guide
|
|
____ refers to substitution, either wholly or in part, of the animal model with a non- animal model.
|
replacement
|
|
____ is a non-animal test used to test for carcinogenicity- made from mouse liver cells.
|
ames
|
|
____ & ____ are two methods used to reduce the numbers of animals used in experiments without compromising results and statistical integrity.
|
reduction and replacement.
|
|
___ is an experiment done within a whoole living organism
|
in vivo
|
|
___ is an experiment done in an artificial environment outside the living organism.
|
in vitro
|
|
HREA stands for?
|
health research extension act
|
|
isla stands for?
|
improved standard for lab animal act
|
|
who enforces the AWA?
|
USDA
|
|
when the AWA first became a law, which animals were its main concern?
|
cats and dogs
|
|
___ is the unit of APHIS that directly monitors animal care facilities thru unannounced visits for compliance witht he regulations
|
REAC
|
|
what does REAC stand for?
|
Regulatory enforment animal care act
|
|
which animals are excluded in the AWA?
|
domestic farm animals, mice/rats, and birds.
|
|
when shipping dogs and cats, water must be given at least every ___ hr.
|
12
|
|
when transporting animals, the accompanying person must check on the animals at least every ___ hr to ensure proper air, temp, etc.
|
4
|
|
which three documents should farm animal facilities be famliar with in order to stay in compliance with standards for agricultural production, and thus paritiall qualify for accreditation?
|
the awa, the NIH guide, the Ag guide.
|
|
___ is the major US gov agency funding lab animal research.
|
NIH
|
|
___ is branc of NIH responsible for the monitoring of compliance to standards for humane treatment of research animals.
|
OLAW or OPRR
|
|
one-fourth of the animals under ___ grants involve field studies of free living wild animals.
|
NSF
|
|
NSF stands for?
|
national science foundation
|
|
in Ca, the regulation of research facilities falls under ____.
|
Department of health.
|
|
what are armadillos used for?
|
leprosy
|
|
bear?
|
ostoporosis
|
|
chinchilla
|
middle ear infections
|
|
cocaroach
|
CNS repair
|
|
dog
|
hip and joint replacement, heart transplants, hemophilia
|
|
electric eels?
|
neurobiological studies
|
|
guinea pig
|
vitamin C deficiencies and other nutritional ailments
|
|
ferre?
|
gastro intestinal disorders, endocrine diseases, influenza virus
|
|
hamster
|
male fertility
|
|
lobsters
|
syphilis, parkinson's disease and huntington's choreas, all motor coordination diseases.
|
|
mouse
|
auto-immune system
|
|
opossum
|
embryonic development, esophagus and bacterial endocarditis
|
|
pig
|
heart, lung, skin, and kidney transplants
|
|
primate
|
hormone levels, viral infections, behavioral studies
|
|
rabbit
|
tissue damage from heart attack or stroke
|
|
rat
|
drug addiction withdrawal
|
|
shark
|
cancer resistance
|
|
sheep
|
lung function, kidney failure
|
|
woodchuck
|
hepatitis, human liver cancer
|
|
zebra fish
|
vertebrate development and genetics
|
|
the _____ legalized the sale of bodies for dissection in England, in an attempt to end the practice of stealing bodies form cemetaries.
|
Warburton Anatomy Act
|
|
____ animals are used in research and testing each year in the U.S.
|
17-23 million
|
|
___ % of these animals are rats, mice, and other rodents.
|
90-95%
|
|
___ is responsible for almost half of the deaths in pets older than ten.
|
cancer
|
|
___ % of physicians in US support the use of animals in research.
|
99
|
|
once physician-based animal rights group that does not support the use of animals in research is ______.
|
Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine (PCRM)
|
|
In 1989, Gallup survey, ___ % of Americans believed that use of animals in research was necessary and should continue.
|
77
|
|
The ____ Administration regulates stockyards regarding the treatment of animals.
|
Packer & Stockyards
|
|
Federal law imposes a ___ hr transportation limit on cattle.
|
48
|
|
most stunning of animals to be slaughtered in the US is done with a ____
|
capitave bolt gun
|
|
list four areas where animal agriculture needs to improve its practice (according to leading animal behaviorists):
|
a. handling of non-ambulatory animals.
b. processing of live animals. c. transporting of livestock d. addressing psychological well-being of confinement. |
|
___ animals are animals not able to stand due to calving problems, broken bones, or paralysis.
|
downer
|
|
AAEP stands for?
|
American Associations of Equine Practicioners
|
|
modern day pork carcass contains __% fat
|
15
|
|
On a federal level the ____ monitors the processes of food production to assure a safe food supply.
|
Food and drug administration
|
|
NOEl stands for?
|
No observed effect level
|
|
ADI stands for?
|
acceptable daily intake
|
|
The ____ is the federal agency that sets specific regulations on the amount of residues of hormones and other additives that may be left in meat.
|
Food Safety & inspection service
|
|
ADI= _____ of a NOEL
|
1/100th
|
|
a cup of coffee has how much carcinogens?
|
500 micrograms
|
|
carcinogen in a 3oz serving of beef?
|
0
|
|
carcinogen in a glass of cola?
|
2,000 micrograms
|
|
carcinogen in a slice of bread?
|
185 micrograms
|
|
estrogen levels in beef?
|
1.2-1.9 nanograms
|
|
estrogen levels in milk?
|
11 nanograms
|
|
estrogen levels in potatoes?
|
225 nanograms
|
|
estrogen levels in ice cream?
|
520 nanograms
|
|
estrogen levels in cabbage?
|
2,000 nanograms
|
|
estrogen levels in soybean oil
|
16,800,000 nanograms
|
|
the ____, passed by congress in 1958, stated that no carcinogens shall be added to the supply of food.
|
Delaney Clause
|
|
____ are vegetarians who eat animal products from milk and eggs but not meat.
|
lactovo
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In 1900, Great Britain passed the ____ , which outlawed the teasing, abusing, or infuriating of captive animals. This Act extended to wild animals in captivity protection which previous animals protection laws conferred on domestic animals.
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Cruelty to Wild Animals In Captivity Act
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AZA estimates only ____ Asian elephants remain in India and South East Asia due to loss of habitat and competition between people and elephants for limited resources.
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35,000 - 40,000
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another name for the bullhook is the ____.
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Ankus
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Efforts of the ____, ensure that animals are protected from abuse during filming of movies and commericals.
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American Humane Association
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____ is a means by which animal keepers provide their animals with both mental and physical stimulation using natural and artificial objects.
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behavioral enrichment
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___ monkey are most commonly used to help quadriplegics and other people with severe spinal cord injuries or mobility- impairments.
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primates
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Tom Regan
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Animal rights activists. He wrote the book "The Case for Animal Rights".
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