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45 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Difference between estrous and estrus
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Estrous refers the cycle. Estrus refers to the period of time when the female is receptive.
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What are the 3 types of estrous cycles?
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Polyestrus, seasonal polyestrus, monoestrus
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Which animals have polyestrus cycles?
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Cows, queens, pigs, rodents
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Which animals have seasonal polyestrus cycles (long day)?
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Mares
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Which animals have seasonal polyestrus cycles (short day)?
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Ewes, does, elks, nannys
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Which animals have monoestrus cycles?
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Dogs, wolves, foxes, and bears
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When is the breeding season of animals with long day seasonal polyestrus cycles?
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Spring (April - June)
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When is the breeding season of animals with short day seasonal polyestrus cycles?
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Autumn (September - November)
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When do animals with monoestrus cycles go into estrus?
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March - May
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The estrous cycle can be divided into 2 parts. What are they?
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Follicular and luteal phases
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Which phase is the short one and which is the long one?
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Follicular phase is the short one and luteal phase is the long one.
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What are the 4 stages that the estrous cycle can be divided up into?
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Proestrus, estrus, metestrus, diestrus
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What occurs during proestrus?
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Formation of ovulatory follicles and estradiol secretion
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What occurs during estrus?
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Sexual receptivity and peak E2 secretion
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What occurs during metestrus?
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CL formation and beginning of progesterone secretion
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What occurs during diestrus?
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Sustained luteal secretion of progesterone
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What is the dominant ovarian structure during the follicular phase?
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Follicle
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What is the dominant hormone in the follicular phase?
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Estrogen
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What is the dominant ovarian structure in the luteal phase?
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CL
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What is the dominant hormone in the luteal phase?
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Progesterone from CL
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When does the follicular phase begin?
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After luteolysis
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What occurs in the follicular phase?
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Decline in progesterone. FSH & LH are produced. They cause follicles to produce estrogen. It ends at ovulation.
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When does the luteal phase begin?
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After ovulation.
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What happens in the luteal phase?
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Development of CL that produces progesterone. Luteolysis is brought about by prostaglandin F2a
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What 2 stages make up the follicular phase?
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Proestrus and estrus
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What 2 stages make up the luteal phase?
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Metestrus and diestrus
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Where is FSH and LH secreted from?
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Anterior lobe of the pituitary
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What causes negative feedback on FSH secretion?
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Inhibin from the follicles
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How does ovulation occur?
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When estrogen reaches a threshold level, the preovulatory surge of LH occurs, inducing ovulation
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Duration of estrus of:
1. bitch 2.cow 3. ewe 4. mare 5. queen 6. sow |
Bitch 4-21 days. Cow 6-24 hours. Ewe 18-48 hours. Mare 2-12 days. Queen 2-19 days. Sow 12-96 hours.
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What is anestrus?
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A period of reproductive quiescence
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What happens during proestrus in the bitch?
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Begins with the appearance of blood-tinged vaginal discharge and by vaginal swelling.
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When does proestrus end in the bitch?
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It ends when the bitch accepts the male for mating.
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Which stage of estrous cycle is the bitch missing?
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Metestrus
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Both pregnant and open bitches are considered to be in diestrus. True or false?
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True
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Does pregnancy alter the length of diestrus?
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No
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How often does a queen enter estrus?
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Every 17 days
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How long does estrus last in a queen?
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9 days
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What happens if copulation does not occur? (in a queen)
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She enters a postestrus phase and comes into estrus a few days later
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Why is a CL not formed if mating does not occur?
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Because queens are induced ovulators so ovulation does not occur if mating does not occur
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How long is the gestation period in queens?
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60 days
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What are some reasons for anestrus?
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Pregancy, lactation, presence of offspring, season of year, stress, pathology
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Which animal does not go through anestrus while lactating?
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Queen
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How does suckling influence cycling in the cow?
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When suckling decreases, LH increase dramatically and the cow will begin to cycle
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Is suckling totally responsible for LH increase?
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No
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