Esthetics End Of Semester Exam

Front 1

Physiology is most accurately described by this answer:

Back 1

Study of the internal workings of living organs

Front 2

The largest organ of the body is:

Back 2

Skin

Front 3

Appendages include:

Back 3

Hair, nails, sweat and oil glands

Front 4

Your skin contains what fraction of your body's primary immune cells?

Back 4

One half

Front 5

What does the skin protect against?

Back 5

Outside elements and microorganisms

Front 6

The barrier function of the skin includes:

Back 6

The acid mantle

Front 7

What is the average pH of the acid mantle?

Back 7

4.5-5.5

Front 8

What does TEWL stand for?

Back 8

Transepidermal water loss

Front 9

The intercellular cement between epidermal cells is made up of:

Back 9

Lipids

Front 10

The immune cells that protect us from infection are the:

Back 10

T cells

Front 11

Sensory nerve fibers are most abundant in the:

Back 11

Fingertips

Front 12

The average body's internal thermostat is set at _ degrees Fahrenheit

Back 12

98.6

Front 13

Which glands excrete perspiration and detoxify the body?

Back 13

Sudoriferous

Front 14

The sebaceous glands:

Back 14

Soften the skin, secrete sebum, and protect the skin from outside elements

Front 15

Absorption occurs through which part of the skin?

Back 15

Cells, follicles, pores

Front 16

It is important to understand the function of each layer of the skin because it helps you to:

Back 16

Correctly choose products and treatments

Front 17

Esthetician's are licensed to work on:

Back 17

The epidermis only

Front 18

About 95% of the epidermis is made up of:

Back 18

Keratinocytes

Front 19

Which answer most accurately describes the Stratum Lucidum?

Back 19

A translucent layer that allows sunlight to pass through to the skin

Front 20

What is the average cell turnover rate for the skin cells of the epidermis?

Back 20

28 days

Front 21

Desquamation is the:

Back 21

shedding of skin cells in the outermost layers of the stratum corneum

Front 22

Squamous cells are:

Back 22

Flat cells

Front 23

Which layer of the epidermis is located just below the stratum corneum?

Back 23

Stratum lucidum

Front 24

On which of these parts of the body is the skin the thickest?

Back 24

Palm of the hand

Front 25

Keratin and intercellular lipids are formed in the:

Back 25

Stratum granulosum

Front 26

Which layer of the skin produces melanin?

Back 26

Stratum germinitivum

Front 27

Mitosis occurs in which layer of the skin?

Back 27

Stratum germinitivum

Front 28

Which cells in the basal layer produce pigment granules?

Back 28

Melanocytes

Front 29

The thickest layer of the skin is called the:

Back 29

Dermis

Front 30

The two layers of the dermis are the:

Back 30

Papillary and reticular

Front 31

_______ aid in the production of collagen and elastin.

Back 31

Fibroblasts

Front 32

The junction of the dermis and the epidermis is called the ____ layer.

Back 32

Papillary

Front 33

Stretch marks are caused by:

Back 33

Damaged elastin fibers

Front 34

The primary cause of wrinkles is the damage and loss of:

Back 34

Elastin

Front 35

Subcutis or _______ tissue is found below the reticular layer.

Back 35

Adipose

Front 36

If you have folliculitis, you have:

Back 36

An ingrown hair

Front 37

Which fibers stimulate the arrector pili muscles?

Back 37

Motor nerves

Front 38

Differences to genetic skin color are due to:

Back 38

Whether the person has more pheomelanin or eumelanin

Front 39

Products that suppress melanin production by interrupting biochemical processes:

Back 39

Tyrosinase inhibitors

Front 40

Apocrine glands are most active:

Back 40

During emotional changes

Front 41

What do cells need in order to survive?

Back 41

Nourishment, to proliferate, protection

Front 42

Which of the following answers stimulate cell turnover?

Back 42

Alpha hydroxy acids

Front 43

Free radicals:

Back 43

are super oxidizers, attack cell membranes, steal electrons from other atoms or molecules

Front 44

Identify the greatest aging effect on the skin

Back 44

UV rays

Front 45

Which of these is an indication of free radical damage?

Back 45

Red, inflammed skin

Front 46

______ are called burning rays.

Back 46

UVB rays

Front 47

People with which natural hair color are particularly susceptible to sun damage?

Back 47

Red

Front 48

As estrogen depletes, skin begins to:

Back 48

lose its tone

Front 49

Estrogens used in hormone replacement therapy can come from:

Back 49

plants or animals

Front 50

Couperose veins can be caused by:

Back 50

alimentary problems, harsh cosmetics, heat/cold fluctuations.

Front 51

The branch of anatomy that deals with the nervous system and its disorders is known as:

Back 51

Neurology

Front 52

The nervous system is extremely important because it controls and coordinates the functions of ______

Back 52

All other body systems

Front 53

The system which is made up of the sensory and motor nerve fibers that extend from the brain and spinal cord and which are distributed to all parts of the body is called the ______ system

Back 53

peripheral

Front 54

The portion of the nervous system that functions without concious effotr and regulates the activities of the smooth muscles, glands, blood vessels, and heart is the _____ system

Back 54

Central

Front 55

The sympathetic and parasympathetic systems comprise two divisions of the ____ system

Back 55

Autonomic/peripheral

Front 56

The largest mass of nerve tissue in the body is the

Back 56

Brain

Front 57

The weight of the average brain is ______ oz.

Back 57

44 to 48

Front 58

The __________ is composed of masses of nerve cells with fibers running upward and downward; it originates in the brain and extends the length of the trunk.

Back 58

Spinal cord

Front 59

Another name for sensory nerves is:

Back 59

afferent nerves

Front 60

Another name for motor nerves is:

Back 60

efferent nerves

Front 61

nerves which contain both sensory and motor fibers and have the ability to both send and recieve messages are called

Back 61

mixed nerves

Front 62

An autonomic stimulus

Back 62

reflex

Front 63

The fifth cranial, trigeminal or trifacial nerve is the chief sensory nerve of the face and muscles that control

Back 63

chewing

Front 64

fifth cranial is the _______ of the cranial nerves

Back 64

largest

Front 65

Chief motor nerve of the face emerges near the lower part of the ear is the

Back 65

7th cranial nerve

Front 66

Nerve of the neck and back that originiates in teh spinal cord is:

Back 66

eleventh cranial

Front 67

Another name for circulatory is

Back 67

vascular

Front 68

heart is enclosed in a membrane called

Back 68

pericardium

Front 69

_____ in heart allow blood to flow in one direction

Back 69

valve

Front 70

with each pump blood flows from the ______ to the ventricles and out

Back 70

atria

Front 71

thick walled muscular elastic tubes

Back 71

arteries

Front 72

thin walled, minute blood vessels receiev nourishment

Back 72

capillaries

Front 73

thin walled blood vessels that prevent back flow

Back 73

veins

Front 74

sticky salty fluid that circulates

Back 74

blood

Front 75

function of _________ is to carry oxygen

Back 75

red corpuscles

Front 76

function of _______is kill disease

Back 76

white corpuscles

Front 77

colorless watery fluid derived from plasma

Back 77

lymph

Front 78

main source of blood to the head, face and neck

Back 78

common carotid

Front 79

the _____ artery supplies the forehead

Back 79

frontal

Front 80

teh ____ artery supplies the crown and side of the head

Back 80

parietal