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116 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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fallopian tubes
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function is to convey the ova from the ovaries to the uterus, place for fertilization of the ova by sperm
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uterus
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hollow, muscular, pear-shaped organ located in the lower pelvis, posterior to the bladder and anterior to the rectum. Receives the ova, providing a place for implantation and nourishment during fetal growth, protection to a growing fetus and expulsion of the fetus at maturity.
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cervix
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lowest portion of the uterus.
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proliferative phase of menstruation
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(estrogenic, follicular, or postmenstrual) approximately day 5 to day 14. Endometrium increases in thickness about eight fold.
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secratory phase of menstration
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(progestational, luteal, premenstrual) dominance of progesterone from the corpus luteum causes the endometrium to become dilated with glycogen and mucin
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ischemic phase of menstration
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without fertilization the corpus luteum regresses and progesterone and estrogen levels drop. The endometrium begins to degenerate (day 24 or 25). Capillaries rupture and the endometrium sloughs off.
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menses
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blood, mucin, endometrial tissue fragments and unfertilized ovum are discharged from the uterus as the menstrual flow
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scrotum
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pair of skin-covered pouches that contain testes, epididymis and spermatic cord
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TESTES
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ovoid glands composed of Leydig’s cells and seminiferous tubule. Seminiferous tubules produce spermatozoa.
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lydigs cells
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produce testosterone
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prostate gland
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secretes thin alkaline fluid that protects sperm by lowering the pH level.
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seminal vesiciles
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convoluted pouches that empty into the urethra through the ejaculatory ducts. Provide the viscous portion of semen which provides sperm with increased motility
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can be a side effect of antihypertensives, tranquilizers and antidepressants.
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erectile dysfunction
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alcohol, cocaine and nicotine
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decrease potency of sperm
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opiates, marijuana, cocaine, sedative, hypnotics, amphetamines, amyl nitrite, LSD, cantharides and yohimbine.
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can cause sexual dysfunction
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such as narcotic’s cause’s inhibited sexual desire & response or erectile & ejaculatory dysfunction
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CNS depressants
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Anti-Anxiety = Barb’s, Benzodiazipines - cause
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- cause decrease sexual desire, orgasmic dysfunction in women and delayed ejaculation in men.
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Antiarrythmia’s, antihypertensives, diuretics & beta-blockers - cause decrease sexual desire, ejaculatory failure, or dysfunction & erectile failure.
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cardiovascular agents
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Female genital mutilation is
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illegal in girls under 18
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male sexual response excitement phase
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rapid erection, thickening of scrotal skin, elevation of the scrotal sac response of vasocongestion. increased HR, increased BP, flushed skin, Increased genetalia blood flow
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male sexual response plauteu phase
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increased length and diameter of penis, testes size increases by 50%. Cowper’s gland produces lubrication at the urethral meatus. Orgasm is the climax of the plateau phase.
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ejactulation state I
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seminal fluid expulsed from the seminal vesicles into the prostatic urethra
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ejaculation stage II
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seminal fluid expulsed from the prostatic urethra to the urethral meatus.
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final phase male ejaculation Resolution
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immediately after orgasm, rapid loss of vasocongestion and decrease in penis size
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obligatory refractory period
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unable to be restimulated to erection.
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female excitement phase
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vasocongestion causes clitoral enlargement and vaginal lubrication. The vaginal orifice opens. Increases HR, BP, and increased blood flow to genitals.
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female plauteu phase
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retraction of the clitoris under the clitoral hood, vagina expands in width and depth, rising of cervix and uterus.
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female orgasmic phase
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Increases HR, RR, BP.
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female resoulution phase
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clitoris returns to normal size and position, vasocongestion dissipates. No obligatory refractory period.
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impotence primary
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never achieved an erection necessary for intercourse.
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secondary impotence
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has experienced erections in the past but has subsequent difficulty. Treatment with sildenafil citrate (Viagra)
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primary problems with ejaculation
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physiological disturbances.
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secondary problems with ejaculation
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interpersonal problems, lumbar sympathectomy, antiadrenergic drugs (guanethidine, methyldopa)
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dysparenuria
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lack of lubrication, inadequate sexual arousal, drugs, estrogen deficiency and infections.
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vaginisum
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involuntary contractions, painful penetration
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bph
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progressive adenomatous enlargement common in aging. Urinary outlet obstruction. (TURP) transurethral resection of the prostate
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psa
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measures serum prostate specific antigen that indicates prostate ca.
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candidia, trichonisa,gardenella
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by wet slide preparation of vaginal secretions.
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clamydia and gonhrrea are detected by
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by cervical culture. Acute infection. Infects genital tract, rectum, throat, opthalmic. Usually in Female 15 - 19 yrs.
Herpes genitalis, genital warts |
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Herpes genitalis, genital warts- caused by
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human papilloma virus can become cancerous, and syphilis
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test to detect syphilis
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vrdl
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types of barrier methods
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diaphragms, cervical caps and condoms
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when to perform testicular self exam
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perform monthly after a warm bath or shower, roll each testicle identifying lumps or nodules.
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best time to perform breast self exam
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monthly about a week after menses with finger pads over entire breast area. Visual examination for dimpling, changes or redness or swelling.
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the menstrual cycle is divided into
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the ovarian cycle and the endometrial (uterine) cycle.
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the ovarian cycle is divided into
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the follicular phase, the ovulatory phase and the luteal phase.
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follicular phase
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estrogen dominate when the follicle matures.
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ovualtory phase
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follicle ruptures from the ovary on approximately the 14th day before onset of the next cycle.
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luteal phase
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progesterone is dominant as the uterus prepares for implantation.
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endometrial cycle is divided into
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the proliferative, secretory and ischemic phases.
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proliferative phase
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proliferation of endometrium, estrogen dominant.
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secrotary phase
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progesterone dominant phase cause endometrial glands to continue to grow and become dense preparatory to implantation.
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ischemic phase
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occurs only if fertilization does not occur. Corpus luteum regresses, progesterone and estrogen production decreases. Endometrium degenerates, capillaries rupture and endometrium sloughs off.
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hypothalmus male hormone
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released gonadotropin-releasing hormone, influencing the anterior pituitary gland to release FSH and LH.
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fsh
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releases androgen-binding protein (ABP).
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ABH
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binds with testosterone to promote spermatogenesis.
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sperm is produced in
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seminiferous tubule of the testes. The tubule of each testis leads to the epididymis.
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the epididmis
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conducts sperm from the testis to the vas deferens.
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The vas deferens carries sperm
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from the epididymis through the inguinal canal into the abdominal cavity.
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oophorectomy)
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removal of ovaries
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HRT
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used to decrease symptoms that women may experience due to menopause. Symptoms such as insomnia, hot flashes, mood swings, and lack of concentration. HRT may protect against osteoporosis and cardiovascular disease.
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atrophic vaginitis
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physiologic changes associated with decreasing amounts of estrogen as women age. Thinning of vaginal tissue, painful intercourse, itching, burning or irritation. PH becomes slightly alkaline increasing susceptibility to infection.
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endrometriosis
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growth of endometrial tissue outside the uterus. Sx- include lower backache, painful intercourse, etc.
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pid
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pathogenic invasion of the fallopian tubes, ovaries or both. May be gonococcus, streptococcus, and staphylococcus and other infections that are ascending in nature. Risk factors include multiple sexual partners, frequent intercourse, IUDs and childbirth. Sx- low-grade fever, pelvic and abdominal pain, foul-smelling vaginal discharge.
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TSS
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staphylococcus aureus enters the bloodstream. Relationship between TSS and tampon usage [mg> in body]. Sx-temp greater than 102, vomiting, diarrhea and progressive hypotension.
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Fibroid tumors (leiomyoma)
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benign tumors that grow in or on the uterus. Sx- excessive heavy menstrual flow, pelvic pressure, dysmenorrhea, abdominal enlargement and constipation.
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Dysmenorrhea-
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painful menstruation. Common in nulliparous women, not having intercourse. Sx- uterine cramping, irritation and contractions.
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amenohhrea primary
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absence of menstruation. Primary is absence of menstruation by age seventeen. (anatomical or genetic abnormalities such as Turner syndrome)
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amenohhrea secondary
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is absence after 6 months of regular periods or 12 months of irregular periods. ( anatomic abnormalities, nutritional deficits, excessive exercise, decreased body fat, endocrine dysfunction, emotional disturbances, medication side effects, pregnancy, and lactation.
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firbrosistic breast disease
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chronic cystic mastitis. Single or multiple fluid-filled cysts. Vitamin E supplements and elimination of caffeine are recommended.
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second major cause of cancer death among women.
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breast cancer
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most preventable gynecological cancer. Abnormal Pap smear. Most common sign is abnormal bleeding
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cervical cancer
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second leading cause of cancer deaths in men. Dx test include PSA prostate specific antigen, transrectal ultrasonic exam, and prostatic biopsy. Sx- dysuria, weak urinary stream, increased urinary frequency.
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prostate cancer
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cystecole
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support between the vagina and bladder is weakened.
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urethocele
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downward displacement of the urethra into the vagina. S/sx = stress incontinence, frequent urination, urgency
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recetolecele
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weakening between the vagina and rectum
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prolapsed uterus
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structures that hold ^ uterus are weak & it goes into the vagina or all the way out.
(all structural disorders due to multiple pregnancies, 3rd or 4th degree perineal lacerations with childbirth or weakening of pelvic floor muscles with aging.) |
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fistulas
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abnormal opening between internal organs or between an organ and the exterior body.
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vesicovaginal fistula
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between vagina and bladder that causes urine to leak into the vagina.
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rectovaginal fistulas
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rectum and vagina and cause flatus and feces to enter vagina. Both fistulas cause excoriation and irritation and may lead to severe infection. Some fistulas spontaneously heal, others require surgical excision.
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B[H HYPEFTROPHY
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progressive adenomatous enlargement of the prostate gland, common in aging. Urinary outlet obstruction with hesitancy, decreased force of urine stream, urinary frequency and nocturia.
Treatment may include alpha beta-blockers that are usually used to treat hypertension. |
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POST OP CARE FOR TURP
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includes bladder irrigation to reduce clot formation that could interfere with urinary drainage. Continuous irrigation with a three-way Foley catheter for at least 24 hours. Irrigant should be subtracted from total output to assess urinary output. Absorption of irrigating fluid may result in water intoxication manifested with mental status changes, agitation, confusion and even convulsions.
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POST OP CARE FOR HYSTERECTOMY
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assessment of dressing for signs of bleeding during the first 8 hours. Assess for urinary retention due to temporary bladder atony. Client should also be assessed for development of thrombophlebitis. Only serosanguiness drng should be present.
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POST OP CARE FOR D&C
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curet of endometrial lining to assess abnormal bleeding patterns, evacuate the uterus or cytological evaluation of the endometrial lining.
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Anterior-posterior colporrhaphy
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suturing of the vagina to correct a cystocele (anterior) or rectocele (posterior). Perineal care at least 2x a day and after urination/defecation. Ice packs, sitz baths and heat lamps enhance healing process. No heavy lifting or prolonged standing, walking or sitting and avoidance of intercourse.
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HYDRCELECTOMY
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surgical drainage of a hydrocele. Monitor for adequate voiding patterns and give comfort measures.
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HYDROCELE
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is a non-tender, fluid filled mass resulting from interference of lymphatic drainage of the scrotum. The swelling surrounds the testis.
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ORCHIPEXY
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surgical suturing of an undescended testicle in the scrotum. Monitor for swelling, pain, infection and voiding patterns.
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PT TAKING BIRTH CONTROL PILL AND HAS UTI TELL PT:
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REFRAIN FROM SEX UNTIL IT IS CLEAR
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WHICH IS THE BEST CONTRACEPTION TP PREVENT STD:
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FOAM AND CONDOMS
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PROLAPSED UTERUS
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WOMAN FEELS SOMETHING HANGING FROM VAGINA
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IN OLDER PREGNANT WOMEN FETUS AT RISK FOR:
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DOWN SYNDROME
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DURING A BREAST EXAM PT SHOULD REPORT:
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NIPPLE DIMPLING
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SIGN OF BPH:
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DECREASED URINARY STREAM & DRIBBLING
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WHAT MEDS CAUSE IMPOTENCE:
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HTN MED
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**PT ON HRT (HORMAONE REPLACEMENT THERAPY) X1 YEAR AND SUDDENLY GETS HER PERIOD
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REPORT IT TO HER MD; IT MAY INDICATE A MEDICAL PROBLEM
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NEW TEENAGE MOM CARING FOR HER INFANT AT HOME, HOME HEALTH NURSE SHOULD TELL HER:
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DO NO T LEAVE OPEN CANS OF FORMULA ON TABLE
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BABY SCREAMING & RESTLESS:
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ROCK BABY
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**BABY OF DRUG ADDICTED MOM JERKING & TWITCHING
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SWADDLE BABY TO HELP PROTECT SKIN
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**AFTER TURP URINE IN CATH BAG WILL BE
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PINKISH
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NEWBORN CARE:
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CLEAN UMBILICAL CORD WITH ALCHOL AFTER EVERY DIAPER CHANGE
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TRANSISITON PHASE OF LABOR:
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WOMAN WILL BE IRRATABLE AND RESTLESS
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MAG SULFATE TOXICITY
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ABSENCE OF DEEP TENDON REFLEXES
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MAN W/NON-BACTERIAL PROSTATITIS:
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WILL EXPERIENCE PAIN UPON URINATION
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PREGNANT WOMEN NOT IMMUNE TO RUBELLA, WHEN TO IMMUNIZE:
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POST PARTUM
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AFTER AMNIOTOMY CHECK FETAL HEART RATE:
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PROLAPSED UMBILICAL CORD
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24 HOURS AFTER DELIVERY PT C/O PAIN IN PERINEUM, NSG ACTION:
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CHECK SITE
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RISK FOR UTERINE ATONY:
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RAPID LABOR, ON OXYTOCIN, GRAND MULTIPARA
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L/S RATIO 1:1 MEANS:
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DECREASED SURFACTANT, LUNGS NOT MATURE, FETUS NOT READY TO BE
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PT IN LABOR IS SQUATTING. NSG ACTION:
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ASSIST HER IN BED
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INCREASED LEVELS OF UNCONJUGATED BILIRUBIN:
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JAUNDICE
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NURSE TEACHING MOM ABOUT ATTACHMENT:
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show her how to feel for the baby parts
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cauliflower growth on vulva
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start on ABT
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**PSYCHOLOGICAL CHANGE FOR 2ND STAGE PREGNANT WOMEN
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planning for baby
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GREATEST CHANCE OF CERVICAL CA:
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mother had cervical cancer
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pt with vulvitsus
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instruct to wear cotton panties
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