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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What type of cells are these and why?
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Simple squamous - nuclei elongated along the long axis of the cell = cigar-shape
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Describe how the epithelium may be classified?
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Either simple (one cell thick) or compound (more than 1 cell thick)
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What are the 3 types of simple epithelium?
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Squamous, cuboidal, and columnar (technically also pseudostratified)
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Suggest 3 places where simple squamous epithelia can be found
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1. Lining of blood vessels = endothelium
2. External surface (mesothelium) of the gut 3. Bowman's capsule of the kidneys |
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Suggest 3 places where simple cuboidal epithelia can be found
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1. Renal tubules of the kidneys
2. Lining follicles of the thyroid gland 3. The ovarian surface |
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Suggest 3 places where simple columnar epithelia can be found
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1. Gall bladder
2. Inner lining of the guy 3. The larger ducts of some exocrine glands |
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What types of cells are these and why?
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Simple cuboidal cells = all of a similar size and resemble cubes or polygons
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What types of cells are these and why?
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Simple columnar - cells are the same height and arranged in upright columns in vertical section. Most of the nuclei are at the same level
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What type of epithelium is this and why?
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Ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium typical of trachea and bronchi. Appears stratified but only a cell tall and all cells reach the basal lamina, but not all reach the surface
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What type of epithelium is this and why?
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Ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium typical of trachea and bronchi. Appears stratified but only a cell tall and all cells reach the basal lamina, but not all reach the surface
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What is pseudostratified epithelia and give 2 examples of where this could occur?
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Has nuclei at different levels - gives the appearance of several layers but all cells attach to the basal lamina.
Found in the trachea and parts of the male reproductive tract |
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What are the 4 types of compound epithelia?
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Squamous, cuboidal, columnar and transitional
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Where are stratified squamous epithelia found?
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Anywhere where cells are sloughed off regularly = skin (keratinized), buccal mucosa, oesophagus, cornea, anal canal and vagina
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Name 2 places where stratified columnar epithelia are found
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1. Urethra
2. Large-caliber ducts from exocrine glands e.g. salivary glands, pancreas and sweat glands |
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What is transitional epithelia and where is it found?
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Multi-layered and folded when relaxed = cells have the ability to stretch thinly when stimulated and surface cells change from cuboidal to squamous type shape. Found in the bladder and the urinary tract between the renal calyces to the uretha
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Suggest surface specialisation of epithelium cells for
a. transport b. absorption c. protection and where the can be found |
a. Cilia = respiratory tract, fallopian tube
b. Microvilli found in the small intestine, stereocilia found in the urethra c. keratinisation - skin |
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What are the three types of junctions between some epithelial cells and what do they do?
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Occluding = prevents diffusion of substances between adjacent cells
Anchoring (e.g. adherent junctions, desmosomes) = Link cells together Communicating = Allows selective diffusion of molecules between adjacent cells |
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What is the difference between endocrine and exocrine glands?
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Exocrine glands excrete via a duct system e.g. salivary gland
Endocrine glands excrete directly into the blood e.g. adrenal gland |
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How can exocrine and endocrine glands be classified?
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Exocrine
- Ducts = simple/compound - Arrangement of secretory cells = acinar/tubular etc - What is secreted = serous or mucous Endocrine = cords or follciles |