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19 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
What type of cells are these and why?
Simple squamous - nuclei elongated along the long axis of the cell = cigar-shape
Describe how the epithelium may be classified?
Either simple (one cell thick) or compound (more than 1 cell thick)
What are the 3 types of simple epithelium?
Squamous, cuboidal, and columnar (technically also pseudostratified)
Suggest 3 places where simple squamous epithelia can be found
1. Lining of blood vessels = endothelium
2. External surface (mesothelium) of the gut
3. Bowman's capsule of the kidneys
Suggest 3 places where simple cuboidal epithelia can be found
1. Renal tubules of the kidneys
2. Lining follicles of the thyroid gland
3. The ovarian surface
Suggest 3 places where simple columnar epithelia can be found
1. Gall bladder
2. Inner lining of the guy
3. The larger ducts of some exocrine glands
What types of cells are these and why?
Simple cuboidal cells = all of a similar size and resemble cubes or polygons
What types of cells are these and why?
Simple columnar - cells are the same height and arranged in upright columns in vertical section. Most of the nuclei are at the same level
What type of epithelium is this and why?
Ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium typical of trachea and bronchi. Appears stratified but only a cell tall and all cells reach the basal lamina, but not all reach the surface
What type of epithelium is this and why?
Ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium typical of trachea and bronchi. Appears stratified but only a cell tall and all cells reach the basal lamina, but not all reach the surface
What is pseudostratified epithelia and give 2 examples of where this could occur?
Has nuclei at different levels - gives the appearance of several layers but all cells attach to the basal lamina.
Found in the trachea and parts of the male reproductive tract
What are the 4 types of compound epithelia?
Squamous, cuboidal, columnar and transitional
Where are stratified squamous epithelia found?
Anywhere where cells are sloughed off regularly = skin (keratinized), buccal mucosa, oesophagus, cornea, anal canal and vagina
Name 2 places where stratified columnar epithelia are found
1. Urethra
2. Large-caliber ducts from exocrine glands e.g. salivary glands, pancreas and sweat glands
What is transitional epithelia and where is it found?
Multi-layered and folded when relaxed = cells have the ability to stretch thinly when stimulated and surface cells change from cuboidal to squamous type shape. Found in the bladder and the urinary tract between the renal calyces to the uretha
Suggest surface specialisation of epithelium cells for
a. transport
b. absorption
c. protection
and where the can be found
a. Cilia = respiratory tract, fallopian tube
b. Microvilli found in the small intestine, stereocilia found in the urethra
c. keratinisation - skin
What are the three types of junctions between some epithelial cells and what do they do?
Occluding = prevents diffusion of substances between adjacent cells
Anchoring (e.g. adherent junctions, desmosomes) = Link cells together
Communicating = Allows selective diffusion of molecules between adjacent cells
What is the difference between endocrine and exocrine glands?
Exocrine glands excrete via a duct system e.g. salivary gland
Endocrine glands excrete directly into the blood e.g. adrenal gland
How can exocrine and endocrine glands be classified?
Exocrine
- Ducts = simple/compound
- Arrangement of secretory cells = acinar/tubular etc
- What is secreted = serous or mucous

Endocrine = cords or follciles