Essentials Of Anatomy And Physiology Chapter 11-13

Front 1

Blood

Back 1

specialized connective tissue that contains cells suspended in a fluid matrix

Front 2

cardiovascular system

Back 2

internal transport network

Front 3

coagulation

Back 3

(blood clotting)

a complex sequence of steps leading to the conversation of circulating fibrinogen into the insoluble protein fibrin

Front 4

embolus

Back 4

(bloot clot)

a condition in which a drifting blood clot becomes stuck in a blood vessel, blocking circulation to the area downstream

Front 5

erthrocyte

Back 5

(red blood cells)

transport oxygen and carbon dioxide

Front 6

fibrin

Back 6

interact and convert to form large, insoluble strands

Front 7

fibrinolysis

Back 7

begins with the activation of plasma protein plasminogen

Front 8

hematocrit

Back 8

the percentage of whole blood volume occupied by cellular elements

Front 9

hemoglobin

Back 9

account for over 95% of RBC intracellular proteins

Front 10

hemopoieses

Back 10

embryonic blood cells appear in the bloodstream during the 3rd week of development

Front 11

hemostasis

Back 11

the process that halts bleeding, prevents the loss of blood through the loss of blood through the walls of damaged vessels

Front 12

leukocyte

Back 12

(white blood cells)

body's defense mechanism

Front 13

plasma

Back 13

contains dissolved proteins rather than the network of insoluble fibers like those in loose connective tissue or cartilage

Front 14

platelets

Back 14

small membrane-enclosed packets of cytoplasm that contain enzymes and factors important to blood clotting

Front 15

serum

Back 15

fluid left after the clotting proteins are removed

Front 16

atrioventricular valve

Back 16

folds of fibrous tissue that ensure a one-way flow of blood from the atria to the ventricles

Front 17

atrium

Back 17

receives and collects blood

Front 18

cardiac cycle

Back 18

a complete heartbeat from its generation to the beginning of the next beat, and so includes the diastole, the systole, and the intervening pause.

Front 19

cardiac output

Back 19

The volume of blood pumped per minute by each ventricle of the heart

Front 20

diastole

Back 20

the phase of the heartbeat when the heart muscle relaxes and allows the chambers to fill with blood.

Front 21

electrocardiogram

Back 21

a record or display of a person's heartbeat produced by electrocardiography

Front 22

endocardium

Back 22

the thin, smooth membrane that lines the inside of the chambers of the heart and forms the surface of the valves

Front 23

epicardium

Back 23

a serous membrane that forms the innermost layer of the pericardium and the outer surface of the heart.

Front 24

intercalated disc

Back 24

microscopic identifying features of cardiac muscle

Front 25

myocardiogram

Back 25

the graphic record produced by a myocardiograph.

Front 26

pericardium

Back 26

the membrane enclosing the heart, consisting of an outer fibrous layer and an inner double layer of serous membrane.

Front 27

purkinje fibers

Back 27

split in atria and ventricles walls

Front 28

sinoatrial node

Back 28

a small body of specialized muscle tissue in the wall of the right atrium of the heart that acts as a pacemaker by producing a contractile signal at regular intervals

Front 29

systole

Back 29

the phase of the heartbeat when the heart muscle contracts and pumps blood from the chambers into the arteries.

Front 30

ventricle

Back 30

discharges and ejects blood

Front 31

anastomosis

Back 31

a connection made surgically between adjacent blood vessels, parts of the intestine, or other channels of the body, or the operation in which this is constructed

Front 32

arteriole

Back 32

a small branch of an artery leading into capillaries.

Front 33

artery

Back 33

any of the muscular-walled tubes forming part of the circulation system by which blood (mainly that which has been oxygenated) is conveyed from the heart to all parts of the body.

Front 34

blood pressure

Back 34

the pressure of the blood in the circulatory system, often measured for diagnosis since it is closely related to the force and rate of the heartbeat and the diameter and elasticity of the arterial walls.

Front 35

capillary

Back 35

any of the fine branching blood vessels that form a network between the arterioles and venules.

Front 36

hepatic portal system

Back 36

veins comprising the hepatic portal vein and its tributaries

Front 37

peripheral resistance

Back 37

total resisting opposing blood flow in the systemic circulation

Front 38

pulmonary circuit

Back 38

path deoxygenated blood takes through the heart to the lungs

Front 39

pulse pressure

Back 39

difference between the systolic and diastolic pressure readings.

Front 40

respiratory pump

Back 40

Intrathoracic pressure decreases during inspiration and abdominal pressure increase, squeezing local abdominal veins, allowing thoracic veins to expand and increase blood flow towards the right atrium

Front 41

systemic circuit

Back 41

part of your circulatory system that carries blood away from your heart, delivers it to most of your organs and tissues, and returns it to your heart again

Front 42

valve

Back 42

a device for controlling the passage of fluid through a pipe or duct, especially an automatic device allowing movement in one direction only.

Front 43

vasoconstriction

Back 43

the constriction of blood vessels, which increases blood pressure.

Front 44

vasodilation

Back 44

the dilatation of blood vessels, which decreases blood pressure.

Front 45

vein

Back 45

any of the tubes forming part of the blood circulation system of the body, carrying in most cases oxygen-depleted blood toward the heart.

Front 46

venule

Back 46

a very small vein, especially one collecting blood from the capillaries