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98 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is PSAP |
Public Safety Answering Point |
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Two types of telecommunications systems
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Service specific, and PSAP (we use service specific)
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Percentage of U.S. has access to Enhanced 9 1 1
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Over 96% |
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A.L.I.
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Automatic Location Identification (911 feature that displays address)
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Radios in fixed locations are referred to as ?
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Base Station Radios
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Radios in apparatus and powered by the vehicles electrical system are?
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Mobile Radios
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AM waves vary the signal and are referred to as ?
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Medium wave signals
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A two party system where only one radio can transmit at a time
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Simplex System
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The repeater system uses two frequencies and is known as?
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Half–duplex communication
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In a conventional system a radio frequency is dedicated to?
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A single Function
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The radio microphone should be held?
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1 to 2 inches from mouth or SCBA voice port.
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What is CARA?
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Tactical Progress Report Acronym
Conditions Actions Resources Air |
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What is CAN?
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Tactical Progress Report Acronym
Conditions Actions Needs |
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What is PAR
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Personal Accountability Report
A systematic method to determine the status of units |
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Pressure treating wood weakens the woods load carrying ability by as much as ?
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25%
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What is OSB
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Oriented Strand Board
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What is Spalling.
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Stones and concrete losing portions of their surface when heated.
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Used in the 19th century, for structural support beams and columns, stairs balcony rails and elevators.
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Cast Iron
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Stands up well to fire but tends to shatter when rapidly cooled with water
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Cast Iron
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One metal is usually riveted or welded, the other is bolted or screwed.
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Wrought Iron = rivets/welds
Cast Iron = bolts |
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Expansion of moisture within masonry due to exposure to heat of a fire.
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Spalling
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Most common building Material used in North America?
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Wood
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Most common building material used for structural support of large modern buildings?
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Steel
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A ________ foot steel beam will elongate ________ inches when heated to ___________ degrees.
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A __50__ foot steel beam will elongate ___4___ inches when heated to __1000_____ degrees.
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The failure of steel structural members can be anticipated near or above?
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1000 degrees Faranheit
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A non load bearing wall often of glass and steel, fixed to the outside of a building and serving as cladding.
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Curtain Wall
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What is affected more rapidly by heat, Aluminum or Steel?
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Aluminum
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Lath and plaster is generally found in buildings built prior to?
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1950's
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A mineral fiber used before 1970 for insulation and as a fire retardant.
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Asbestos
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What is UFFI
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Urea Formaldehyde Foam Insulation
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Originally used in the 1970's for insulating walls. Still found in older houses.
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UFFI (Urea Formaldehyde Foam Insulation)
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A soft wool–like material used as insulation and also for textiles.
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Fiberglass
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Term for two different materials, Slag Wool and Rock Wool.
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Mineral Wool
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Accounting for 80% of mineral wool, this is produced from iron blast furnace slag.
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Slag Wool
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Produced from natural rocks, it was popular in the 1960's and is becoming popular again.
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Rock Wool
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Made from approximately 80% recycled newspaper, then bound with chemicals. Loses it's retardant abilities over time and a respiratory irritant.
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Cellulose insulation
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Type of building construction that uses renewable or recycled materials.
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Hybrid Construction –– (AKA Natural or Green)
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IBC and NFPA classify buildings into how many types?
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5 types
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Every Building is composed of three building elements.
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Structural Frame
Floor Construction Roof Construction |
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(Building construction)
Provides the highest level of protection from fire development and spread as well as collapse |
Type I
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Also known as Fire–resistive Construction
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Type I
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(Building construction)
Must be able to resist fire for 3–4 hours depending on component. |
Type I
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(Building construction)
Buildings composed of construction that will not contribute to fire spread. |
Type II
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Also known as Noncombustible or limited combustible construction.
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Type II
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Fire resistance rating is typically half that of Type I construction
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Type II
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(Building construction)
Retains heat Roofs difficult to penetrate Windows non–operating |
Type I
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Also known as ordinary Construction
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Type III
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(Building construction)
Found in older Schools, mercantile businesses and residential structures |
Type II
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Solid Materials used to prevent the vertical and horizontal spread of fire.
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Fire Stops
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(Building construction)
Requires that exterior walls and structural members be of non–combustible materials. Interiors...not so much |
Type III
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Also known as Heavy Timber or Mill construction
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Type IV
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As a general rule, timbers in Type IV construction will be greater than?
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8 inches in dimension
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Fire resistance rating of structural members in Type IV construction?
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2 hours
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Commonly known as wood frame or stick frame construction
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Type V
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Manufactured homes make up what percentage of total housing sales in the US?
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25%
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Manufactured homes do not have model building codes, but follow a HUD standard that is close to ?
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Type V construction
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Manufactured homes built before _____ have less fire resistance.
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1976
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5 types of Factory built homes
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Manufactured homes (most common)
Modular Homes (6%) Panelized Homes Pre–Cut homes Hybrid Modular Homes |
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Structures are classified by their intended use. This may be either...
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Single use or separated use
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7 Building components listed for fire growth prevention
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Foundations
Floors/Ceilings Walls Roofs Stairs Doors Windows |
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A wall that supports only its own weight
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Non–load bearing
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A load bearing wall shared by two adjacent structures
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Party Wall
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Most difficult walls to penetrate to force entry or escape?
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Exterior and fire walls
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Three prevalant roof types?
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Flat
Pitched Arched |
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The edge of a pitched roof that overhangs an outside wall.
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Eave
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4 types of arched roofs
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Bowstring
Ribbed Diagonal Grid (lamella) Pleated Barrel |
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One of the most dangerous type of roof construction?
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Arched roof
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Three main components of a roof.
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Roof supporting Structure
The roof deck (sheathing) Roof Covering |
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Two general types of roof supports
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Beam assemblies
Truss Assemblies |
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Roof Beams are generally made of timbers _________ or larger.
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4x4 inches
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Metal or wooden plates used to strengthen the joints between two components.
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Gusset Plates
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A truss constructed with the top and bottom chords parallel
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Parallel Chord Truss
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Horizontal member between trusses that support the roof
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Purlins
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Horizontal structural members used to support a ceiling or floor.
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Joists
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Two types of concrete roofs in north america
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Pre–cast
Poured in Place |
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These roofs are extremely difficult to penetrate and should only be done as a very last resort.
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Lightweight concrete roofs
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Concealed space between top floor and roof of a structure
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Cockloft
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Weight of the structure, members, components and anything attached to building that is constant and immobile.
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Dead Load
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A type of roof insulation that prevents ice from forming, very difficult to penetrate by firefighters.
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Cold Roof
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A second roof constructed over an existing roof, usually for aesthetics or to prevent leaks.
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Rain Roof
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Items in a building that are movable and not included as a permanent part of the structure
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Live Load
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Stairs that are not required for egress system and typically connect only 2 levels.
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Access or Convenience stairs
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Stairs enclosed with fire rated construction, usually with a 1 or 2 hour rating.
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Protected Stairs
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5 types of doors in modern construction
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Swinging
Sliding Folding Vertical Revolving |
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These types of doors are never allowed as a means of Egress
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Sliding
Rolling steel fire doors |
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Type of door originally found in buildings that date back to the end of the 19th century
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Fire Doors
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A metal composed of Tin and Lead
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Terneplate
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The lowest horizontal member of a window frame. Supports the hardware and sash.
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Sill
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Also called display windows, picture windows and deadlights.
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Fixed windows
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Two primary types of dangerous conditions from a particular building.
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Conditions that contribute to fire spread
Conditions that make it susceptable to collapse |
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Maximum heat that can be produced if ALL materials in a given area burn
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Fuel load
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Perhaps one of the most critical hazards in commercial, industrial and storage facilities.
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Heavy Fuel load
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Experience has shown that unprotected engineered trusses can fail after...
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5 to 10 minutes of exposure to fire
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The critical temperature for steel trusses is?
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1000 degrees
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What is ASTM
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American Society for testing and materials
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What year did the ASTM develop the standard time temperature curve that is still used today.
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1918
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Rule of thumb... 250gpm adds how much weight to a structure?
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1 ton per minute
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Three actions to take when collapse is immenent
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Inform Command |
