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47 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Structure in the living world is organized at hierarchical levels. Which of the following
choices lists several of these, from least inclusive to most inclusive? A) cell, organ, organ system, tissue, organism B) cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism C) cell, organism, organ, organ system, tissue D) cell, organ system, tissue, organ, organism E) tissue, cell, organ system, organ, organism |
B) cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism
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The connection between structure and ______ is a basic concept of biology.
A) species B) adaptation C) function D) sex E) strength |
C) function
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A physiologist is a biologist who studies the ______.
A) structure of living things B) structure of body parts C) evolution of animals D) physics of living things E) function of body parts |
E) function of body parts
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Which of the following is a major category of animal tissue?
A) epithelial B) plasma C) bone D) cardiac E) neurons |
A) epithelial
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A main function of most types of epithelial tissue is ______.
A) sensation B) support C) contraction D) covering surfaces E) absorption |
D) covering surfaces
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Connective tissue is different from the other major tissue types in that ______.
A) it is made up of cells B) the cells are sparsely scattered through an extracellular matrix C) it is not made up of cells D) it has no essential function in an animalʹs body E) it is found only in humans |
B) the cells are sparsely scattered through an extracellular matrix
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Which one of the following types of tissue stores fat in the body?
A) blood B) cartilage C) bone D) adipose tissue E) fibrous connective tissue |
D) adipose tissue
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Match each tissue with a function.
1) epithelial 2) connective 3) muscle 4) nervous A) communication B) binds and supports other tissues C) responsible for movement D) lines organs |
D) lines organs
B) binds and supports other tissues C) responsible for movement A) communication |
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What kind of connective tissue has a liquid matrix?
A) cartilage B) nervous tissue C) loose connective tissue D) adipose tissue E) blood |
E) blood
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Which of the following is the most common type of connective tissue in the typical human
body? A) fibrous connective tissue B) adipose tissue C) loose connective tissue D) bone E) loose adipose tissue |
C) loose connective tissue
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Which is the most abundant kind of tissue in an animal such as a zebra?
A) connective B) epithelial C) blood D) muscle E) nervous |
D) muscle
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Which of the following is true of a typical skeletal muscle?
A) Contraction is involuntary. B) It is found in the walls of organs such as the digestive tract. C) Its fibers do not have a striped appearance under the microscope. D) It can be enlarged by exercise. E) It is only found in heart tissue. |
D) It can be enlarged by exercise.
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Which of the following distinguishes cardiac muscle from both smooth and skeletal
muscle? A) Its cells contract. B) Its cells are striped. C) It generally cannot be contracted at will. D) It generally can be contracted at will. E) Its cells are branched. |
E) Its cells are branched.
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The main function of muscle tissue is ______.
A) sensation B) support C) contraction D) covering surfaces E) absorption |
C) contraction
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Which type of tissue forms a communication and coordination system within the body?
A) nervous B) blood C) epithelial D) connective E) muscle |
A) nervous
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The basic unit of nervous tissue is the ______.
A) dendrite B) axon C) cell body D) neuron E) nerve |
D) neuron
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Which of the following is NOT a true statement about organs?
A) An organ represents a higher level of structure than the tissues composing it. B) An organ consists of several tissues. C) An organ can only carry out the functions of its component tissues. D) An organ consists of many cells. E) Organs play a role in homeostasis. |
C) An organ can only carry out the functions of its component tissues.
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Organ systems are required by ______.
A) all animals B) unicellular organisms C) animals with complex body forms D) animals that require oxygen E) animals that must have their cells bathed in fluid |
C) animals with complex body forms
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What fills the spaces between cells in animals more complex than Hydra?
A) water B) interstitial fluid C) nothing but matrix fibers D) cytoplasm E) connective tissue |
B) interstitial fluid
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Imagine an invertebrate that lives in an estuary where salinity varies cyclically with the
tides. If this animal practices homeostasis with respect to the salt concentration of its body fluids, its salt concentration will show ______. A) no variations B) slight, continuous fluctuations due to the ʺplayʺ in the control mechanism C) slight variations, but only when the external salinity is changing rapidly D) a cyclic variation similar to that of the surrounding water but less intense E) a cyclic variation identical to that of the surrounding water |
B) slight, continuous fluctuations due to the ʺplayʺ in the control mechanism
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Homeostasis ______.
A) is the maintenance of a constant internal state B) only comes into play when you are ill C) is a pathological condition D) is the maintenance of a relatively stable internal environment E) is the way the internal environment influences the external environment |
D) is the maintenance of a relatively stable internal environment
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The vertebrate kidney helps to keep the acidity of the body fluids constant by varying the
amount of hydrogen ions (H+) it secretes into the urine. You can confidently predict that this aspect of kidney function will be controlled by ______. A) a positive feedback mechanism B) a negative feedback mechanism C) nerve impulses from the brain D) a hormone ultimately controlled by the brain E) a hormone produced in the kidney itself |
B) a negative feedback mechanism
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Which of the following is most likely to be responsible if, when your blood sugar level rose,
the level went back down? A) diabetes insipidus B) the use of the sugar for energy by your cells C) a homeostatic mechanism based on negative feedback D) type 2 diabetes E) a homeostatic mechanism based on positive feedback |
C) a homeostatic mechanism based on negative feedback
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Most homeostasic mechanisms depend on ______.
A) positive feedback B) positive and negative feedback C) negative feedback D) predictable environmental conditions E) predictable internal conditions |
C) negative feedback
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Which of the following animals is an ectotherm?
A) human B) harbor seal C) spiny lobster D) elephant E) field mouse |
C) spiny lobster
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Which of the following animals is warming its body by behaving as an endotherm?
A) a beetle that absorbs solar radiation B) a moth that shivers its wings before flight C) a lizard that lies on a warm rock D) a turtle that moves to a warm, shallow part of a pond E) an insect that positions its body for maximal exposure to sunlight |
B) a moth that shivers its wings before flight
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When body temperature is too low, which of the following occurs?
A) The thermostatic control center of the brain is deactivated. B) Blood vessels in the skin contract. C) Evaporative cooling occurs. D) Heat radiates from the skin. E) Blood vessels at the body surface fill with warm blood. |
B) Blood vessels in the skin contract.
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Which of the following is a physiological response that takes place in many animals when
they get too hot? A) slowing of the heart rate B) constriction of blood vessels in the skin C) contraction of muscles D) increased blood flow to the skin E) retention of water |
D) increased blood flow to the skin
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Which of the following statements apply to saltwater fish?
A) They lose water by osmosis. B) The concentration of solutes in their internal fluids is much lower than in the surrounding water. C) They lack homeostatic mechanisms. D) They produce small amounts of highly concentrated urine. E) All of the above statements are true about saltwater fish. |
E) All of the above statements are true about saltwater fish.
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Marine animals that have body fluids with a solute concentration equal to that of the
surrounding seawater are said to be ______. A) osmoregulators B) osmoconformers C) osmoinformers D) hypertonic E) hypotonic |
B) osmoconformers
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Which of the following is a source of water loss in humans?
A) urination B) defecation C) perspiration D) breathing E) all of the above |
E) all of the above
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Which of the following is a function of the kidneys?
A) elimination of metabolic wastes B) maintenance of salt balance C) production of urine D) maintenance of water balance E) all of the above |
E) all of the above
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What is the name of the functional unit of the kidney?
A) renal unit B) Bowmanʹs capsule C) nephron D) glomerulus E) tubule |
C) nephron
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Reabsorption is the movement of substances from the ______ to the ______.
A) nephron . . . blood B) filtrate . . . blood C) kidney . . . urinary bladder D) blood . . . filtrate E) urinary bladder . . . outside |
B) filtrate . . . blood
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Secretion is the movement of substances from the ______ to the ______.
A) nephron . . . blood B) filtrate . . . blood C) kidney . . . urinary bladder D) blood . . . filtrate E) urinary bladder . . . outside |
D) blood . . . filtrate
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Excretion is the movement of substances from the ______ to the ______.
A) nephron . . . blood B) filtrate . . . blood C) kidney . . . urinary bladder D) blood . . . filtrate E) urinary bladder . . . outside |
E) urinary bladder . . . outside
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Through which of these structures does urine leave the bladder?
A) ureter B) urethra C) renal artery D) ADH E) nephron |
B) urethra
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A diuretic is a substance that ______.
A) inhibits sweating B) promotes sweating C) regulates the contraction of cardiac muscle D) inhibits urine formation E) promotes urine formation |
E) promotes urine formation
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In a dialysis machine, wastes are removed from blood plasma by a process of ______.
A) filtration and reabsorption B) diffusion C) filtration and diffusion D) absorption E) filtration and absorption |
B) diffusion
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If the arthropods that the spiders prey on are herbivores, then the spiders would be ______.
A) primary consumers B) secondary consumers C) tertiary consumers D) detritivores |
B) secondary consumers
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If the arthropods that the spiders prey on are carnivores, then the spiders would be ______.
A) carnivores B) both carnivores and at least tertiary consumers C) herbivores D) both herbivores and secondary consumers E) secondary and tertiary consumers |
B) both carnivores and at least tertiary consumers
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What does the term Seothyra refer to?
A) species B) genus C) family D) order E) class |
A) species
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Epithelial tissues are characterized as such because they ______.
A) transmit impulses B) cause body movements C) cover both external and internal body surfaces D) sense stimuli E) form a framework that supports the body |
C) cover both external and internal body surfaces
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Which of these is a type of connective tissue?
A) bone B) muscle C) axon D) striated muscle E) the interior lining of the mouth |
A) bone
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Which muscle tissue is responsible for voluntary movement?
A) cardiac muscle only B) skeletal muscle only C) smooth muscle only D) cardiac and smooth muscle E) skeletal and smooth muscle |
B) skeletal muscle only
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A nerve cell is also called a(n) ______.
A) leukocyte B) neuron C) adipocyte D) squamous E) chondrocyte |
B) neuron
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Which of these is an example of positive feedback?
A) sweating when hot B) labor pains increasing in frequency and intensity C) drinking when thirsty D) shivering when cold E) eating when hungry |
B) labor pains increasing in frequency and intensity
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