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198 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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All animals can trace their lineage to a common ancestor that lived in the _____.
A. Precambrian B. Jurassic C. Pliocene D. Devonian E. Cenozoic |
A. Precambrian
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How are animals different from fungi?
A. Animals are heterotrophic, and fungi are autotrophic. B. Animals obtain food by ingestion, and fungi obtain food by absorption. C. Animals are autotrophic, and fungi are heterotrophic. D. All animals are multicellular, whereas all fungi are unicellular. E. Animals lack chloroplasts, and fungi have chloroplasts. |
B. Animals obtain food by ingestion, and fungi obtain food by absorption.
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The _____ explosion occurred approximately 545 million years ago.
A. Cambrian B. Precambrian C. Cenozoic D. Jurassic E. Mesozoic |
A. Cambrian
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Members of the phylum Mollusca _____.
A. are soft-bodied and usually covered by a shell B. have segmented bodies and paired, jointed appendages C. include aquatic worms and leeches D. include annelids E. include arthropods |
A. are soft-bodied and usually covered by a shell
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Which phylum includes the simplest animals with bilateral symmetry?
A. Porifera B. Mollusca C. Cnidaria D. Platyhelminthes E. Arthropoda |
D. Platyhelminthes
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While on a biological expedition, you discover a new species with the following characteristics: has an exoskeleton, exhibits bilateral symmetry, and has jointed appendages. What phylum does this newly discovered organism belong to?
A. Nematoda B. Mollusca C. Platyhelminthes D. Porifera E. Arthropoda |
E. Arthropoda
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Which phylum includes animals that have the following characteristics: a dorsal, hollow nerve cord; a notochord; pharyngeal gill slits; and a post-anal tail?
A. Mollusca B. Echinodermata C. Chordata D. Arthropoda E. Platyhelminthes |
C. Chordata
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Imagine that you are a paleontologist (a scientist who studies fossils of ancient life-forms). In a recent dig, you unearthed the following bones: jaw bone, vertebral column, and femur (thigh bone). Which phylum does the organism you unearthed belong to?
A. Chordata B. Mammalia C. Mollusca D. Arthropoda E. Aves |
A. Chordata
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What is unique about agnathans, represented today by lampreys?
A. They have vertebral columns. B. They are jawless vertebrates. C. They have a notochord. D. They are cartilaginous fish. E. They have a dorsal, hollow nerve cord. |
B. They are jawless vertebrates.
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The diagnostic feature specific to cartilagenous fishes is _____.
A. a swim bladder B. a skeleton of cartilage C. a streamlined, torpedo-shaped body D. jaws E. gills |
B. a skeleton of cartilage
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Most members of which class of chordates exhibit a mixture of aquatic and terrestrial adaptations?
A. Reptilia B. Mammalia C. Amphibia D. Chondrichthyes E. Osteichthyes |
C. Amphibia
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What are the two key features of members of the class Mammalia?
A. hair and a notochord B. hair and a vertebral column C. hair and being endothermic D. hair and mammary glands E. hair and giving live birth |
D. hair and mammary glands
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Which of these is an anthropoid?
A. a lemur B. a loris C. a gibbon D. a koala E. a tarsier |
C. a gibbon
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Which of these features of humans evolved most recently?
A. spinal column of bone B. upright posture C. increased body hair D. enlarged brain E. an opposable thumb |
D. enlarged brain
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Extended care of offspring allowed humans to evolve _____.
A. tool use B. culture C. a long life span D. bipedalism E. a large brain |
B. culture
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At the phylum level, you are most closely related to a(n) _____.
A. clam B. sea star C. earthworm D. jelly E. planarian |
B. sea star
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Which of these statements is true of cnidarians?
A. They exhibit bilateral symmetry. B. They move by contracting their bodies. C. They are segmented. D. They are terrestrial organisms |
B. They move by contracting their bodies.
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Earthworms are in the phylum _____.
A. Nematoda B. Annelida C. Chordata D. Platyhelminthes E. Arthropoda |
B. Annelida
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Which of these statements is true of earthworms?
A. They are unsegmented B. They have a body cavity. C. They have appendages. D. Earthworms exhibit radial symmetry. |
B. They have a body cavity.
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Snails are classified in the phylum _____.
A. Chordata B. Mollusca C. Cnidaria D. Arthropoda E. Echinodermata |
B. Mollusca
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Grasshoppers are classified in the phylum _____.
A. Annelida B. Cnidaria C. Nematoda D. Arthropoda E. Echinodermata |
D. Arthropoda
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Which of these is a characteristic of sea stars?
A. no body cavity B. notochord C. are unsegmented D. tube feet |
D. tube feet
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Dogs are classified in the phylum _____.
A. Echinodermata B. Cnidaria C. Arthropoda D. Mollusca E. Chordata |
E. Chordata
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Which of these chordate groups lacks a post-anal tail and a notochord as adults?
A. lancelets B. tunicates C. amphibians D. mammals E. reptiles |
B. tunicates
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The common ancestor of all these chordate groups except the _____ probably had paired appendages.
A. Mammalia B. Reptilia C. Agnatha D. Chondrichthyes E. Aves |
C. Agnatha
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Which of these primate groups is most closely related to hominids?
A. apes B. Old World monkeys C. lorises D. lemurs E. New World monkeys |
A. apes
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Which of these primates have prehensile tails and live in the trees of Central and South America?
A. apes B. New World monkeys C. anthropoids D. hominids E. lemurs |
B. New World monkeys
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The primates that spend the most time walking upright are the _____.
A. orangutans B. lemurs C. lorises D. hominids E. chimpanzees |
D. hominids
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Which of these anthropoid groups consists of primates that are mostly tree dwellers and whose forelimbs and hind limbs are about equal in length?
A. monkeys B. hominids C. lorises D. orangutans E. apes |
A. monkeys
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Evidence indicates that _____ was the first hominid to use fire.
A. Australopithecus B. Homo erectus C. Ardipithecus D. Homo sapiens E. Homo habilis |
B. Homo erectus
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Which of these hominids was bipedal but had a relatively small brain?
A. Australopithecus B. Homo erectus C. Ardipithecus D. Homo sapiens E. Homo habilis |
A. Australopithecus
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Humans are _____.
A. Australopithecus B. Homo erectus C. Ardipithecus D. Homo sapiens E. Homo habilis |
D. Homo sapiens
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Modern humans probably evolved from _____.
A. Australopithecus B. Homo erectus C. Ardipithecus D. Homo sapiens E. Homo habilis |
B. Homo erectus
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Evidence indicates that _____ was the first hominid to use simple stone tools.
A. Australopithecus B. Homo erectus C. Ardipithecus D. Homo sapiens E. Homo habilis |
E. Homo habilis
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The phrase "Cambrian explosion" refers to _____.
A. the asteroid impact that caused the mass extinction at the cretaceous-tertiary boundary B. the rapid adaptive radiation that gave rise to most extant animal phyla C. the evolutionarily sudden proliferation of dinosaur species D. the evolutionarily sudden proliferation of mammal species E. the evolutionary transition from aquatic to terrestrial vertebrates |
B. the rapid adaptive radiation that gave rise to most extant animal phyla
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Animals probably evolved from colonial protists. How do animals differ from these protist ancestors?
A. The protists were prokaryotic. B. Animals have cells that are more specialized. C. The protists were heterotrophic. D. The protists were autotrophic. E. Animals are able to reproduce. |
B. Animals have cells that are more specialized.
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Which of the following is associated with bilateral symmetry?
A. a stationary lifestyle B. a lack of true tissues C. a lack of body tissues D. no true body tissue E. a definite "head end" |
E. a definite "head end"
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Which of the following is radially symmetrical?
A. a doughnut B. an automobile C. a spoon D. a dog E. a submarine sandwich (a.k.a. hoagie, sub, grinder, or bomber) |
A. a doughnut
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Unlike other animals, sponges _____.
A. are unicellular B. possess cell walls C. lack true tissues D. exhibit bilateral symmetry E. are prokaryotic |
C. lack true tissues
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Sponges feed by _____.
A. filtering small particles from water B. scraping bacteria and algae from hard substrates C. paralyzing small crustaceans with stinging cells D. absorbing nutrients from the guts of their hosts E. photosynthesis |
A. filtering small particles from water
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The animal phylum most like the protists that gave rise to the animals is _____.
A. Echinodermata B. Cnidaria C. Platyhelminthes D. Porifera E. Arthropoda |
D. Porifera
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Which of the following statements is true?
A. The majority of the world's animals are unicellular. B. The majority of the world's animals are invertebrates. C. The majority of the world's animals are autotrophic. D. The majority of the world's animals are radially symmetrical. E. The majority of the world's animals are chordates. |
B. The majority of the world's animals are invertebrates.
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Which of the following are found in members of the phylum Cnidaria?
A. exoskeleton, radial symmetry B. a mantle for respiration, radial symmetry C. internal skeleton, bilateral symmetry D. stinging cells, radial symmetry E. stinging cells, bilateral symmetry |
D. stinging cells, radial symmetry
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Biology deals with many kinds of worms. Which choice includes three different phyla of "worms"?
A. Nematoda, Platyhelminthes, Echinodermata B. Cnidaria, Arthropoda, Corals C. Platyhelminthes, Annelida, Nematoda D. Nematoda, Cnidaria, Porifera E. Mollusca, Chordata, Echinodermata |
C. Platyhelminthes, Annelida, Nematoda
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Animals such as _____ are the simplest animals to have _____.
A. sponges ... bilateral symmetry B. flatworms ... a true body cavity C. roundworms ... a complete digestive tract D. jellies ... a complete digestive tract E. snails ... a body cavity |
C. roundworms ... a complete digestive tract
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Consider the following list of animals: giant squid, earthworm, largemouth bass, snail, tapeworm, coral, and sea star. The two that belong to the same phylum are the _____, and their phylum is _____.
A. bass and giant squid ... Chordata B. earthworm and tapeworm ... Annelida C. coral and sea star ... Echinodermata D. giant squid and snail ... Mollusca E. snail and coral ... Annelida |
D. giant squid and snail ... Mollusca
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A sea star and a hookworm belong to the phyla _____ and _____, respectively.
A. Echinodermata ... Nematoda B. Platyhelminthes ... Arachnida C. Cnidaria ... Chordata D. Porifera ... Arthropoda E. Mollusca ... Rotifera |
A. Echinodermata ... Nematoda
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Earthworms are most closely related to _____.
A. roundworms B. sea urchins C. tapeworms D. leeches E. oysters |
D. leeches
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Annelids _____.
A. include leeches, earthworms, and roundworms B. are radially symmetrical C. are endothermic D. are named for the stinging cells they use to kill their prey E. are segmented worms |
E. are segmented worms
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The _____ include the largest number of species.
A. molluscs B. arthropods C. annelids D. chordates E. echinoderms |
B. arthropods
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In arthropods, molting is necessary because _____.
A. the chitinous exoskeleton cannot grow B. arthropod appendages generally increase in number as the animal ages C. the environment degrades the exoskeleton, which therefore must be shed and replaced D. this is how arthropods reproduce E. the exoskeleton is progressively resorbed by body tissue |
A. the chitinous exoskeleton cannot grow
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The majority of animal species are _____.
A. insects B. chordates C. primates D. lacking a body cavity E. vertebrates |
A. insects
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The water vascular system of a sea star functions in _____.
A. movement of the tube feet B. digestion C. pumping water for swimming movements D. waste disposal E. keeping all parts of the body moist at low tide |
A. movement of the tube feet
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Which animal phylum is most closely related to the phylum Chordata?
A. Mollusca B. Porifera C. Echinodermata D. Arthropoda E. Cnidaria |
C. Echinodermata
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Which one of the following is thought to be most closely related to humans?
A. sea stars B. snails C. earthworms D. jellies E. ants |
A. sea stars
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An animal has segments, bilateral symmetry, pharyngeal slits, a post-anal tail, and a notochord. It must be a member of the phylum _____.
A. Annelida B. Arthropoda C. Chordata D. Mollusca E. Platyhelminthes |
C. Chordata
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A _____ is a chordate but not a vertebrate.
A. lamprey B. shark C. lancelet D. sea star E. frog |
C. lancelet
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A distinguishing feature of vertebrates is the presence of _____.
A. a post-anal tail B. a gastrovascular cavity C. segmentation D. feathers E. a backbone |
E. a backbone
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Which of the following pairs is matched correctly?
A. jawed fish ... lamprey B. mammal ... kangaroo C. Chondrichthyes ... perch D. Osteichthyes ... great white shark E. Aves ... little brown bat |
B. mammal ... kangaroo
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Which of the following do a lamprey, a shark, a lizard, and a rabbit all have in common?
A. They all have gill structures in the embryo or adult. B. They are all ectothermic. C. They all have jaws. D. They are all amniotes. E. They are all tetrapods. |
A. They all have gill structures in the embryo or adult.
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How do lampreys differ from other living vertebrates?
A. Lampreys have an endoskeleton. B. Lampreys have an exoskeleton. C. Lampreys are endothermic. D. Lampreys are amniotes. E. They lack both jaws and paired appendages. |
E. They lack both jaws and paired appendages.
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A feature of bony fish not found in sharks is _____.
A. gills B. an endoskeleton C. pelvic and pectoral fins with bony supports D. a swim bladder E. a lateral line system |
D. a swim bladder
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The gill flap, or operculum, was an important adaptation for fish because it helps with _____.
A. orientation in currents B. maintaining a supply of oxygen C. sensing chemicals in water D. adjusting buoyancy E. underwater sex |
B. maintaining a supply of oxygen
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The first vertebrates to colonize land were _____.
A. agnathans B. reptiles C. amphibians D. cartilaginous fish E. mammals |
C. amphibians
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The development that freed vertebrates from water for reproduction and allowed them to radiate into diverse terrestrial environments was the _____.
A. operculum B. placenta C. lateral line system D. bony appendage E. amniotic egg |
E. amniotic egg
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Which of the following is shared by living birds and living reptiles?
A. endothermic metabolism B. having an operculum C. having feathers D. scales containing keratin E. ectothermic metabolism |
D. scales containing keratin
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All mammals _____.
A. bear live young B. complete their embryonic development in the uterus C. have mammary glands D. are nurtured in the mother by the placenta E. are marsupials |
C. have mammary glands
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The kangaroo is an example of a(n) _____ mammal.
A. marsupial B. placental C. monotreme D. egg-laying E. ectothermic |
A. marsupial
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Eutherians _____.
A. have young that develop within the female's body B. lay eggs C. have a tendency toward multiple births D. have a tendency toward single births E. have a pouch where the young develop |
A. have young that develop within the female's body
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There are three major groups of mammals, categorized on the basis of their _____.
A. size B. habitat C. method of locomotion D. the presence or absence of hair E. method of reproduction |
E. method of reproduction
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There are three major groups of primates. Which of the following includes one representative from each of the three groups?
A. lemur, loris, chimpanzee B. tarsier, monkey, gorilla C. loris, baboon, chimpanzee D. lemur, tarsier, baboon E. monkey, baboon, human |
D. lemur, tarsier, baboon
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Organisms in the order Primates are distinguished by characteristics designed for what?
A. having culture B. being endothermic C. making tools D. living in the trees E. standing upright |
D. living in the trees
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Humans, apes, and monkeys are classified together as _____.
A. hominids B. anthropoids C. hominoids D. New World monkeys E. lemurs |
B. anthropoids
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Primates are distinguished from other mammals by _____.
A. dexterous hands, nails, and good depth perception B. fur, claws, and small litters C. good depth perception, mammary glands, and single births D. placental reproduction, opposable thumbs, and good depth perception E. long tails used for balance, good depth perception, and opposable thumbs |
A. dexterous hands, nails, and good depth perception
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The lineage that led to humans diverged from the one that led to chimpanzees about _____ million years ago.
A. 65 B. 50 C. 40 D. 25 E. 5 |
E. 5
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Humans are most closely related to _____.
A. orangutans B. gibbons C. lorises D. chimpanzees E. gorillas |
D. chimpanzees
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Hominids include _____ but not _____.
A. orangutans ... monkeys B. chimpanzees ... orangutans C. humans ... Neanderthals D. humans ... great apes E. chimpanzees ... humans |
D. humans ... great apes
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The evolution of humans included which of the following?
A. development of good depth perception B. the evolution of dexterous hands C. providing parental care D. increased brain size E. having multiple births |
D. increased brain size
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Scientists who study human evolution are called _____.
A. paleoanthropologists B. microbiologists C. meteorologists D. virologists E. mycologists |
A. paleoanthropologists
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Which of the following correctly lists probable ancestors of modern humans from the oldest to the most recent?
A. Homo erectus, Australopithecus, Homo habilis B. Australopithecus, Homo habilis, Homo erectus C. Australopithecus, Homo erectus, Homo habilis D. Homo erectus, Homo habilis, Australopithecus E. Homo habilis, Homo erectus, Australopithecus |
B. Australopithecus, Homo habilis, Homo erectus
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_____ arose very early in hominid evolution; _____ evolved more recently.
A. Large brains ... prominent brow ridges B. Large brains ... upright posture C. Upright posture ... forward-looking eyes D. Upright posture ... large brains E. Culture ... forward-looking eyes. |
D. Upright posture ... large brains
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Bipedalism is associated first with what hominid?
A. Australopithecus B. Neanderthals C. Neanderthals, although they were stooped in posture D. all primates E. Homo erectus |
A. Australopithecus
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The first hominid known to make tools is(was) _____.
A. Australopithecus afarensis B. Homo sapiens C. Homo habilis D. Australopithecus africanus E. Homo erectus |
C. Homo habilis
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What is the main cause of extinction today?
A. habitat destruction B. overhunting C. pollution D. global climate change E. ozone depletion |
A. habitat destruction
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What is the name given to the process by which a larva develops into an adult?
A) morphogenesis B) metamorphosis C) organogenesis D) gastrulation E) neurulation |
B) metamorphosis
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The common ancestor of all animals is likely to have been a(n) ______.
A) colonial, flagellated protist B) colonial, ciliated protist C) colonial, flagellated moneran D) sponge E) apicomplexan |
A) colonial, flagellated protist
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Having a true coelom distinguishes ______ from ______.
A) chordates . . . annelids B) chordates . . . echinoderms C) cnidarians . . . sponges D) annelids . . . roundworms E) flatworms . . . annelids |
D) annelids . . . roundworms
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Which of these exhibits radial symmetry?
A) baseball B) automobile C) spoon D) Ferris wheel E) shoe box |
D) Ferris wheel
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A true coelom is ______.
A) completely lined with tissue derived from endoderm B) completely lined with tissue derived from mesoderm C) formed when a zygote develops into a blastula D) completely lined with tissue derived from ectoderm E) formed when a larva undergoes metamorphosis |
B) completely lined with tissue derived from mesoderm
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Flatworms are similar to cnidarians in that both ______.
A) have pseudocoeloms B) have true tissues C) lack a gastrovascular cavity D) exhibit bilateral symmetry E) include many parasitic species |
B) have true tissues
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Annelids are most closely related to ______.
A) flatworms B) arthropods C) roundworms D) molluscs E) echinoderms |
B) arthropods
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Humans are chordates. Which animal group is most closely related to chordates?
A) molluscs B) echinoderms C) annelids D) cnidarians E) arthropods |
B) echinoderms
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9) What type of symmetry does a jellyfish exhibit?
A) asymmetrical B) binomial C) terrestrial D) radial E) bilateral |
D) radial
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How do sponges differ from all other animals?
A) Sponges exhibit radial symmetry. B) Sponges are autotrophs. C) Sponges have a true coelom. D) Sponges lack a true body cavity. E) Sponges lack true tissues. |
E) Sponges lack true tissues.
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What name is given to the food-trapping cells of sponges?
A) phagocytes B) amoebocytes C) flame cells D) choanocytes E) cnidocytes |
D) choanocytes
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An animal with a larval form that disperses by drifting in ocean currents and an adult form that is attached to a surface is most likely to exhibit ______ as a larva and ______ as an adult.
A) bilateral symmetry . . . radial symmetry B) bilateral symmetry . . . bilateral symmetry C) radial symmetry . . . bilateral symmetry D) bilateral symmetry . . . be asymmetrical E) radial symmetry . . . radial symmetry |
E) radial symmetry . . . radial symmetry
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In what way is a sponge similar to a cnidarian?
A) Both have a sessile polyp form and a mobile medusa form. B) Both use stinging cells to trap prey. C) Neither has true tissues. D) Both digest food within a cavity. E) Both have a saclike body plan. |
E) Both have a saclike body plan.
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The dispersive stage of the cnidarian life cycle is the ______ stage.
A) instar B) polyp C) tadpole D) medusa E) radula |
D) medusa
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______ are the simplest animals with bilateral symmetry. A) Annelids
B) Flatworms C) Sponges D) Cnidarians E) Roundworms |
B) Flatworms
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The simplest animals to have a complete digestive tract are ______.
A) platyhelminthes B) cnidarians C) annelids D) roundworms E) molluscs |
D) roundworms
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There are more species of ______ than of any other type of animal.
A) nematodes B) annelids C) molluscs D) arthropods E) chordates |
D) arthropods
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A characteristic of arthropods that has allowed for their great success is the presence of ______.
A) bilateral symmetry B) an endoskeleton C) a coelom D) a brain E) highly specialized segments |
E) highly specialized segments
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The arthropod skeleton is composed of ______.
A) cellulose B) peptidoglycan C) salicylic acid D) chitin E) glycogen |
D) chitin
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Most ______ are aquatic.
A) crustaceans B) arachnids C) insects D) centipedes E) millipedes |
A) crustaceans
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______ are the most diverse group of arthropod.
A) Centipedes B) Insects C) Millipedes D) Arachnids E) Crustaceans |
B) Insects
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Molluscs are recognized based on ______.
A) the presence of a hard exoskeleton B) the presence of a true coelom C) radial symmetry D) the presence of a visceral mass E) the presence of a complete digestive tract |
D) the presence of a visceral mass
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A(n) ______ is an example of a mollusc that does not have a shell.
A) octopus B) snail C) squid D) oyster E) clam |
A) octopus
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What characteristic is unique to echinoderms?
A) a lack of segmentation B) a water vascular system C) a true coelom that forms from the digestive tube D) suction-cup-like feet E) larvae with bilateral symmetry and adults with radial symmetry |
B) a water vascular system
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Which of the following is a characteristic of all chordates? A) They all have vertebral columns.
B) They all exhibit radial symmetry. C) They all have a notochord. D) They all have an exoskeleton. E) They all have a pseudocoelom. |
C) They all have a notochord.
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A(n) ______ is an example of an invertebrate chordate.
A) snake B) lancelet C) echinoderm D) bird E) fish |
B) lancelet
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Unique features of vertebrates include the presence of a(n) ______.
A) endoskeleton B) notochord C) true coelom D) backbone E) pharyngeal slit |
D) backbone
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Among vertebrates, the unique feature of agnathans is the ______.
A) presence of a cartilaginous skeleton B) absence of a backbone C) presenceofacranium D) absence of jaws E) absence of a post-anal tail |
D) absence of jaws
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Sharks are a type of ______.
A) tunicate B) cartilaginous fish C) lungfish D) agnathan E) bony fish |
B) cartilaginous fish
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Swim bladders ______.
A) are a component of the lateral line system B) evolved into lungs C) are required for fish to exchange gases with the surrounding water D) are present in both bony and cartilaginous fishes E) help bony fish maintain buoyancy |
E) help bony fish maintain buoyancy
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Which group may have given rise to amphibians?
A) starfishes B) ray-finned fishes C) jawless fishes D) lobe-finned fishes E) cartilaginous fishes |
D) lobe-finned fishes
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What does the term tetrapod mean?
A) apelike B) egg-laying C) descended from fish D) leading a double life E) having four limbs |
E) having four limbs
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The feature present in reptiles and absent in amphibians that freed reptiles from dependence on water for reproduction is ______.
A) parental care of eggs B) waterproof skin C) metamorphosis D) the lateral line system E) the amniotic egg |
E) the amniotic egg
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Characteristics shared by both reptiles and birds include ______.
A) the lateral line system B) the presence of only a single ovary in females C) the amniotic egg D) being endothermic E) feathers |
C) the amniotic egg
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Almost every element of bird anatomy is modified for what?
A) being brightly colored B) laying eggs C) eating seeds D) enhancement of flight E) singing unique songs |
D) enhancement of flight
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Features unique to mammals include ______.
A) the presence of hair B) extended parental care of the young C) being endotherms D) the absence of flying forms E) having no egg-laying members |
A) the presence of hair
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______ are the mammalian group that lacks a placenta.
A) Eutherians B) Tunicates C) Monotremes D) Primates E) Marsupials |
C) Monotremes
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How do New World monkeys differ from Old World monkeys?
A) New World monkeys have a prehensile tail. B) New World monkeys are more dexterous than Old World monkeys. C) Old World monkeys are not arboreal. D) New World monkeys have nails; Old World monkeys have claws. E) New World monkeys are classified as anthropoids, and Old World monkeys are classified as prosimians. |
A) New World monkeys have a prehensile tail.
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Which anthropoids are most closely related to humans? A) Old World monkeys
B) orangutans C) chimpanzees D) gorillas E) gibbons |
C) chimpanzees
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Where did humans first appear?
A) South America B) Africa C) Asia D) Europe E) Australia |
B) Africa
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What was the most radical anatomical change in human evolution?
A) brain enlargement B) standing erect C) development of language D) loss of body hair E) development of culture |
B) standing erect
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Chordata (the phylum to which you belong) is most closely related to the ______.
A) Nematoda B) Porifera C) Cnidaria D) Arthropoda E) Echinodermat |
E) Echinodermat
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Which of these animals exhibits segmentation?
A) jelly B) grasshopper C) planarian D) sponge E) hookworm |
B) grasshopper
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Collectively, jawless fish are referred to as ______.
A) hagfish B) agnathans C) cephalochordates D) lampreys E) urochordates |
B) agnathans
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Which of these primate groups is most closely related to hominids?
A) apes B) Old World monkeys C) lorises D) lemurs E) New World monkeys |
A) apes
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Which hominid appears to have been the first to use simple stone tools?
A) Homo erectus B) Homo habilis C) Ardipithecus D) Homo sapiens E) Australopithecus |
B) Homo habilis
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A eukaryotic, multicellular, heterotrophic, organism that obtains nutrients by ingestion.
A. insect B. gastropod C. animal D. medusa |
C. animal
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An embryonic stage that marks the end of cleavage during animal development; a hollow ball of cells in many species.
A. coelom B. blastula C. larva D. placenta |
B. blastula
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The embryonic stage resulting from gastrulation in animal development. Made up of three layers of cells: ectoderm, endoderm, and mesoderm.
A.coelom B. radula C. operculum D. gastrula |
D. gastrula
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The transformation of larva into an adult.
A. body segmentation B. metamorphosis C. pharyngeal slits D. culture |
B. metamorphosis
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An arrangement of the body parts of an organisms like pieces of a pie around an imaginary central axis. Any slice passing longitudinally through a organism's central axis divides the organism into mirror image halves.
A. radial symmetry B. bilateral symmetry C. body segmentation D. lateral symmetry |
A. radial symmetry
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An arrangement of body parts such that an organism can be divided equally by a single cut passing longitudinally
through it. A. radial symmetry B. bilateral symmetry C. body segmentation D. lateral symmetry |
B. bilateral symmetry
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A fluid-filled space separating the digestive tract from the outer body wall.
A. swim bladder B. bivalves C. coelom D. body cavity |
D. body cavity
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A body cavity that is not completely lined by tissue derived from mesoderm
A. radula B. polyp C. pseudocoelom D. coelom |
C. pseudocoelom
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A body cavity completely lined by tissue derived from mesoderm
A. coelom B. colon C. polyp D. radula |
A. coelom
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An animal that does not have a backbone
A vertebrates B. invertebrates C. lancelets D. nematodes |
B. invertebrates
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An aquatic stationary animal characterized by a highly porous body, choanocytes, and no true tissues.
A. molluscs B. annelids C. sponge D. leech |
C. sponge
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An animal characterized by cnidocytes, radial symmetry, a gastrovascular cavity, and a polyp or medusa body form. Animals include hydras, jellies, sea anemones, and corals.
A. cnidarians B. cephalopods C. arthropods D. crustaceans |
A. cnidarians
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A digestive compartment with a single opening that serves as both the entrance for food and the exit for undigested wastes; may also function in circulation, body support, and gas exchange. Jellies and hydras have these compartments.
A. body cavity B. polyp C. gastrovascular cavity D. post anal tail |
C. gastrovascular cavity
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One of two types of cnidarian body forms; a stationary (sedentary), columnar, hydra-like body.
A. medusa B. polyp C. radula D. endoskeleton |
B. polyp
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One of two types of cnidarian body forms: a floating, umbrella-like body form; also called a jelly.
A. radula B. tunicates C. medusa D. mantle |
C. medusa
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A soft-bodied animal characterized by a muscular foot, mantle, mantle cavity, and radula. Animals include gastropods, (snails and slugs), bivalves (clams, oysters, and scallops)
A. leech B. annelids C. crustaceans D. molluscs |
D. molluscs
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A file-like organ found in many mollusks, used to scrape up or shred food.
A. radula B. mantle C. pharyngeal slits D. lancelets |
A. radula
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In molluscs, the out growth of the body surface that drapes over the animal. It produces a shell to form a cavity.
A. bivalve B. mantle C. tunicate D. operculum |
B. mantle
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Member of the largest group of mollusks, including snails and slugs.
A. bivalves B. cephalopods C. gastropods D. nematodes |
C. gastropods
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Member of a group mollusks that includes clams, mussels, scallops, and oysters.
A. annelids B arthropods C. crustaceans D. bivalves |
D. bivalves
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Member of a group of mollusks that includes squids and octopuses
A. cephalopod B. annelids C. nematodes D. lanclets |
A. cephalopod
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A bilateral animal with a thin, flat body form, a gastrovascular cavity with a single opening, and no body cavity
A. roundworm B. flatworm C. ringworm D. leech |
B. flatworm
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A segmented worm. includes earthworms, polychates, and leeches
A. roundworm B. arthropod C. nematode D. annelid |
D. annelid
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Subdivisions of an animal's body into a series of repeated parts called segments.
A. pharyngeal slits B. body segmentation C. tunicates D. vertebrates |
B. body segmentation
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A digestive tube with two openings, a mouth and an anus.
A. complete digestive tract B. lateral line system C.pharyngeal slits D. operculum |
A. complete digestive tract
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A type of annelid, or segmented worm, that extracts nutrients from the soil.
A flatworm B. roundworm C. earthworm D. tetrapod |
C. earthworm
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A type of annelid, or segmented worm, that typically lives on the seafloor.
A. arthropods B. nematodes C. amniotes D. polychaete |
D. polychaete
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A type of annelid, or segmented worm, that typically lives in fresh water.
A. leech B. notochord C. sponge D. operculum |
A. leech
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An animal characterized by a psuedocoelom, a cylindrical , wormlike body form, and a complete digestive tract; also called a round worm.
A. arthropods B. nematodes C. gastropods D. operculum |
B. nematodes
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Member of the most diverse phylum in the animal kingdom; includes the horseshoe crab, arachnids, crustaceans, millipedes, and centipedes
A. Anthropoids B. Arthropods C. echinoderms D. amphibians |
B. Arthropods
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A hard, external skeleton that protects an animal and provides points of attachment for muscles.
A. vertebrate B. endoskeleton C. exoskeleton D. tunicates |
C. exoskeleton
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Member of a major arthropod group that includes spiders, scorpions, ticks, and mites.
A. arachnid B. insect C. tetrapod D. tunicates |
A. arachnid
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Member of a major arthropod group that includes lobsters, crayfish, crabs, shrimps, and barnacles.
A. trunicates B. lancelets C. amniotes D. crustacean |
D. crustacean
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A terrestrial arthropod that has two pairs of short legs for each of its numerous body segments and that eats decaying plant matter.
A. centipede B. millipede C. spider D. chordate |
B. millipede
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A carnivorous terrestrial arthropod that has one pair of long legs for each of its numerous body segments, with the front pair modified as poison claws.
A. centipede B. millipede C. spider D. chordate |
A. centipede
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An arthropod that usually has three body segments (head, thorax, and abdomen), three pairs of legs, and one or two pairs of wings.
A. bird B. tetrapod C. insect D. spider |
C. insect
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Member of a group of slow-moving or stationary marine animals characterized by a rough or spiny skin, a water vascular system, typically an endoskeleton, and radial symmetry in adults. Animals include sea stars, sea urchins, and sand dollars.
A. lancelets B. echinoderm C. chordates D. operculum |
B. echinoderm
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A hard interior skeleton located within the soft tissues of an animal; found in all vertebrates and a few invertebrates.
A. endoskeleton B. exoskeleton C. skeleton D. bone structure |
A. endoskeleton
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In echinoderms, a radically arranged system of water-filled canals that branch into extensions called tube feet. The system provides movement and circulates water, facilitating gas exchange and waste disposal.
A. swim bladder B. monotremes C. water vascular system D. lateral line system |
C. water vascular system
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An animal that at some point during its development has a dorsal, hollow nerve cord, a notochord, pharyngeal slits, and a post anal tail. Animals include lancelets, tunicates, and vertebrates.
A. operculum B. amniotes C. tetrapods D. chordates |
D. chordates
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One of the four hallmarks of chordates; the chordate brain and spinal cord.
A. pharyngeal slits B. dorsal hollow nerve cord C. operculum D. lateral line system |
B. dorsal hollow nerve cord
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A flexible, cartilage-like, longitudinal rod located between the digestive tract and nerve cord in chordate animals, present only in embryos in many species.
A. lateral line system B. swim bladder C. notochord D. tunicates |
C. notochord
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A gill structure in the pharynx, found in chordate embryos, and some adult embryos.
A. pharyngeal slit B. gills C. operculum D. swim bladder |
A. pharyngeal slit
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A tail posterior to the anus, found in chordate embryos and most adult chordates.
A. tunicate B. post anal-tail C. operculum D. pre anal-tail |
B. post anal-tail
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One of a group of stationary invertebrate chordates
A. lancelets B. tetrapods C. amniotes D. tunicates |
D. tunicates
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One group of blade like invertebrate chordates
A. amniotes B. lancelets C. anthropods D. hominins |
B. lancelets
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A chordate animal with a backbone. Animals include lampreys, cartilaginous fish, bony fish, amphibians, reptiles and mammals.
A. vertebrates B. invertebrates C. endoskeleton D. exoskeleton |
A. vertebrates
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A fish that has a flexible skeleton made of cartilage
A. vertebrates B. bony fish C. cartilaginous fish D. ray-finned fish |
C. cartilaginous fish
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A row of sensory organs along each side of a fish's body. Sensitive to changes in water pressure, it enables a fish to detect minor vibrations in the water.
A. swim bladder B. lobe-finned fish organs C. ray finned fish organs D. lateral line system |
D. lateral line system
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A fish that has a stiff skeleton reinforced by calcium salts.
A. ray finned fish B. bony fish C. soft fish D. lobe finned fish |
B. bony fish
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A protective flap on each side of a bony fish's head that covers a chamber housing the gills.
A. operculum B. pharyngeal slits C. echinoderms D. notochord |
A. operculum
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A gas filled internal sac that helps bony fish maintain buoyancy.
A. water vascular system B. operculum C. swim bladder D. lateral line system |
C. swim bladder
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A bony fish having fins supported by thin, flexible skeletal rays. All but one species are these bony fish.
A. ray finned fish B. lobe finned fish C. ectotherms D. monotremes |
A. ray finned fish
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A bony fish with strong, muscular fins supported by bones.
A. ray finned fish B. lobe finned fish C. bony fish D. tetrapods |
B. lobe finned fish
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Member of a class of vertebrate animals that include frogs and salamanders.
A. reptiles B. fish C. anthropoids D. amphibians |
D. amphibians
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A vertebrate with four limbs. Animals include mammals, amphibians and reptiles.
A. tetrapod B. monotrems C. marsupials D. anthropoids |
A. tetrapod
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Member of a clade of tetrapods that has an amniotic egg containing specialized membranes that protect the embryo. Animals include mammals and reptiles.
A. eutherians B. anthropoids C. amniotes D. monotremes |
C. amniotes
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A shelled egg in which an embryo develops within a fluid filled sack. Produced by reptiles and egg laying mammals. it allows them to complete their life cycle on land.
A. placenta B. amniotic egg C. eutherian D. ovary |
B. amniotic egg
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Member of the clade of amniotes that include snakes, lizards, turtles, crocodiles, alligators, birds and a number of other extinct groups such as the dinosaur.
A. mammals B. marsupials C. insects D. reptiles |
D. reptiles
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An animal that warms itself mainly by absorbing heat from its surroundings.
A. endotherm B. ectotherm C. exothermic D. endothermic |
B. ectotherm
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Members of a group of reptiles with feathers and adaptations for flight.
A. insects B. bats C. birds D. mammals |
C. birds
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An animal that derives most of its body heat from its own metabolism.
A. endotherm B. exotherm C. mammal D. insect |
A. endotherm
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Member of a class of endothermic amniotes that possess mammary glands and hair.
A. primates B. mammals C. birds D. reptiles |
B. mammals
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An egg laying mammal, such as the duck-billed platypus.
A. marsupials B. primates C. monotremes D. reptile |
C. monotremes
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A pouched mammal, such as a kangaroo, opossum, or koala.
A. primate B. bear C.marsupial D. anthropoids |
C.marsupial
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Placental mammal
A. reptile B. eutherians C. insect D. bird |
B. eutherians
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Any anthropoid on the human branch of the evolutionary tree, more closely related to humans than monkeys
A. hominin B. human C. man D. woman |
A. hominin
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Member of a primate group made up of the apes, gorillas, monkeys, and humans.
A. Hominins B. anthropoids C. mammals D. monkeys |
B. anthropoids
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