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27 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back

community

a group of populations living and interacting with eachother

ecosystem

community and the physical environment it interacts with

respiration

the conversion of organic matter into carbon dioxide and water in living organisms, releasing energy

photosynthesis

green plants make their food from water and carbon dioxide using energy

trophic level

the position that an organism occupies in a food chain

aerobic respiration

glucose + oxygen ==> energy = water + carbon dioxide

photosynthetic reaction

carbon dioxide + water =light energy/chlorophyll=> glucose + oxygen

compensation point

dawn/dusk, when the two processes of photosynthesis and respiration are equal

food chain

flow of energy from one organism to the next

top carnivore

top of the food chain

autotrophs

green plants,make food from sunlight

chemosynthetic organisms

makes food from ammonia, etc,bacteria found in deep oceans that dont need sunlight

producers

autotrophs and chemosynthetic organisms

consumers

heterotrophs

decomposers

obtain energy from dead organisms by secreting enzymes that break down the organic matter

detritivores

derive energy fromm detritus or decomposing organic material



ecological pyramids

number, biomass, and productivity, quantitive models

pyramid of numbers

the standing crop

pyramid of numbers unit

number per unit area

dis/advantages of pyramid of numbers

simple l can be inverted, doesent allow for immature forms, can be too large numbers

pyramid of biomass

mass of each individual times number of individuals

unit of pyramid of biomass

unit of mass per unit area, often grams per square metre

dis/advantages of pyramid of biomass

overcomes problems of the numbers one | uses only samples, has to be killed, biomass can change throughout the year, two organisms of the same mass might not have the same energy

pyramid of productivity

rate of flow of energy or biomass through each trophic level, functions over time, always pyramid shaped

pyramid of productivity unit

units of energy or mass per unit area per period of time, often joules per square metre per year

dis/advantages of pyramid of productivity

most accurate, allows for comparison, not inverted, energy from solar radiation can be added | very difficult to collect, difficult to assign trophic level to a species

trophic efficiency

how much energy is transferred from one trophic level to the next