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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
community |
a group of populations living and interacting with eachother |
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ecosystem |
community and the physical environment it interacts with |
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respiration |
the conversion of organic matter into carbon dioxide and water in living organisms, releasing energy |
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photosynthesis |
green plants make their food from water and carbon dioxide using energy |
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trophic level |
the position that an organism occupies in a food chain |
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aerobic respiration |
glucose + oxygen ==> energy = water + carbon dioxide |
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photosynthetic reaction |
carbon dioxide + water =light energy/chlorophyll=> glucose + oxygen |
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compensation point |
dawn/dusk, when the two processes of photosynthesis and respiration are equal |
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food chain |
flow of energy from one organism to the next |
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top carnivore |
top of the food chain |
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autotrophs |
green plants,make food from sunlight |
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chemosynthetic organisms |
makes food from ammonia, etc,bacteria found in deep oceans that dont need sunlight |
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producers |
autotrophs and chemosynthetic organisms |
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consumers |
heterotrophs |
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decomposers |
obtain energy from dead organisms by secreting enzymes that break down the organic matter |
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detritivores |
derive energy fromm detritus or decomposing organic material |
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ecological pyramids |
number, biomass, and productivity, quantitive models |
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pyramid of numbers |
the standing crop |
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pyramid of numbers unit |
number per unit area |
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dis/advantages of pyramid of numbers |
simple l can be inverted, doesent allow for immature forms, can be too large numbers |
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pyramid of biomass |
mass of each individual times number of individuals |
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unit of pyramid of biomass |
unit of mass per unit area, often grams per square metre |
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dis/advantages of pyramid of biomass |
overcomes problems of the numbers one | uses only samples, has to be killed, biomass can change throughout the year, two organisms of the same mass might not have the same energy |
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pyramid of productivity |
rate of flow of energy or biomass through each trophic level, functions over time, always pyramid shaped |
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pyramid of productivity unit |
units of energy or mass per unit area per period of time, often joules per square metre per year |
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dis/advantages of pyramid of productivity |
most accurate, allows for comparison, not inverted, energy from solar radiation can be added | very difficult to collect, difficult to assign trophic level to a species |
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trophic efficiency |
how much energy is transferred from one trophic level to the next |