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11 Cards in this Set

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Define Hidden Profiles.

Unique information is information that a team member knows before the whole team talks as a group. This is usually missed because groups usually prefer to use the common information right away.




Hidden profile occurs when members are sharing the unique information, and it changes the initial decision of that member of the group.

What does Hidden Profile theory say about group information sharing?

Definition: Faulty group information sharing that leads to incomplete utilization of members’ unique knowledge and expertise, and in turn sub-optimal group decisions

Why do groups experience hidden profiles? pt.1

-Probability explanation (Stasser & Titus, 1985)


-Mutual enhancement (Wittenbaum et al., 1999)


-Build common ground


-To be perceived as competent/knowledgeable


-Consensus as correctness heuristic

Why do groups experience hidden profiles? pt.2

-Status (Franz & Larson, 2002)


-Time (Fraidin, 2002)


-Goals/Motivation (Wittenbaum et al., 2004)


-Preference consistency explanation (Greitemeyer &Schulz-Hardt, 2003)

What are the possible interventions to avoid and mitigate the negative effects of hidden profiles? (pt1)

-Assemble teams with members who bring complementary areas of knowledge


-Assign responsibilities to members and make those responsibilities known to everybody


-Promote norms of critical thinking

What are the possible interventions to avoid and mitigate the negative effects of hidden profiles? (pt2)

-Allow sufficient time; avoid excessive workload


-Rank order instead of choosing best option


-Use Nominal Group Technique (NGT)


-Use technology-mediated communication to protect anonymity

What does the movie “12 angry men” show in terms of hidden profiles?

- Juror #5 (Jack) showed hidden profiling because he reveled he was from the slums and knew how to fight with knifes. Also MC Henry Fonda was another Hidden profile since he brought another knife that looked similar to the murder weapon.

What does the movie “12 angry men” show in terms of groupthink?

This was shown when the MC Henry Fonda had a different ideas, and many disagreement, but the others didn't want to hear it. Since the general consensus was that the kid was guilty.




Those who were leaders in this was Juror #3 Lee J. Cobb and Juror #10 Ed Begley

What does the movie “12 angry men” show in terms of group polarization?

When they went around and had an open vote in the beginning. Since a lot of people were thinking the kid was guilty and saw others were agreeing, this increased the validation. This was started by Juror #1 Martin Balsam

Empirical Evidence of Hidden Profiles (pt1)

Groups are inclined to adopt positions that are popular at the onset of discussion.




Group’s initial preferences tend to be shaped more by common than unique information.

Empirical Evidence of Hidden Profiles (pt2)

Even if group members do not form initial preferences, the dynamics of collective information sampling favor the selection of common information.




When both common and unique information emerge in discussion, common items have more staying power.