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48 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Dynamic Range
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The difference in decibels between the noise floor and maximum output, before distortion
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Passive Systems have...
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Poor dynamic range
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Headroom
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The difference in decibels between the softest and loudest maximum output, before distortion
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White noise
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- equal energy per frequency
- 3dB increase of energy on each octave - Sound of electrons' movement in the system |
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Pink Noise
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- Equal energy per frequency
- 3dB roll-off filter on every octave |
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Popcorn Noise
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- Noise on a system with poor maintenance
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Harmonic Distortion
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- only on a weak passive system due to excessive EQ
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Transducer
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- converts one form of energy to another
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Speed of Sound
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- 1130 ft/sec
- 724 miles/hour |
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extra: Speed of Light
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extra: 86,242 miles/sec
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Horn Vs Direct Radiator
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- Efficiency due to natural compression
- Control over directional pattern of signal |
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Enclosure
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- Keeps natural elements from entering and pushing the rear of the driver, causing extra movement without sound
- to stop resonating frequencies from escaping the rear of the driver to the front causing frequency cancellation |
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Port
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- to reinforce the low end frequencies
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Diameter
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- Allow certain resonating frequencies to escape, depending on the wavelength
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Length
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- Add time delay to avoid frequency cancellation
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Stationary Magnetic Field
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- the result of voice coil surrounded by magnet
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Secondary Magnetic Field
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- is the result of amplifier output through voice coil
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Polarity of Secondary Magnetic Field
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- Depends on polarity of amplifier output
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Actual Transduction on Loudspeaker
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- Result of interaction between the stationary and secondary magnetic fields
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Voice Coil
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- Flat coil wrapped around the former
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Former
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- Chemically treated paper to make the voice coil heat resistent
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Magnet
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- donut shaped, fitted top and bottom with steel plates
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Pole Piece
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- Steel rod inserted in the donut shaped magnet
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Gap
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- Space between the magnet and the pole piece
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Dome
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- Dust cover over gap
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Spider
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- Attaches the voice coil to the cone and the dome.
- Allows easy suspension to the voice coil inside the gap |
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Cone
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- Attaches to the basket
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Basket
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- Actual physical shaped of the driver
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Frequency Response
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- Any component's ability to produce an output signal with the same frequency range as the input signal
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State of Tolerance
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- Speaker or amplifier's ability to produce intended frequency response within a margin of error
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Impedance
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- Resistance to the current.
- stops the flow of electrons |
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Speaker Sensitivity
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- least amount of functioning signal and how far can signal be thrown
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Continuous
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- low level signal over long period of time to make sure speakers do not overheat and catch ablaze
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Program
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- Measures entire program length, including pauses
- matches power to amp |
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Peak
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- Loud tone, no greater than .1 of a second
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Source Impedance
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- Fixed impedance of the amplifier
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Load Impedance
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- Amount of impedance from the speakers; fluctuating
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Half the impedance = ?
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- Double the Power
- Double the Current |
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Load impedance
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- Znet
1 divided by 1 over Zone Ztwo Zthree so on and so forth |
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Impedance pertains to
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Power = Watts
Current = Amps Pressure = Volts Resistance (AC)/Impedance(DC) |
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Active Crossovers
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- Pre the Amplifier
- Work on very low level signal - A lot of headroom - Efficient |
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Passive Crossover
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- Post the Amplifier
- Works on high level signal - Not much headroom - inefficient |
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Slope
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- Rate at which the frequency, to its own driver, will start to gradually fall after the cutoff frequency point
- measured in dB/octave |
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Consumer Slope
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- 6 dB/octave (First Order)
- 12 dB/octave (Second Order) |
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Semi Pro
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- 18 dB/octave (Third Order)
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Professional
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- 24 dB/octave (Fourth Order)
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Cutoff
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- Frequency point is always -3 dB from flat frequency range
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insertion loss
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- Loss of no more than 1 dB of signal due to heat of fundamental electronic components in passive crossover
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