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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Arachnids
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Spiders, scorptions, chiggers, ticks
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Crustaceans
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shrimp, lobster, and crabs
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Hymenoptera
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more fatalities than by stings by any other arthropod.
Apida - bee, bumblebee Vespida - yellow jackes, hornets, wasps Formicidae - ants |
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VENOM - bees and wasps
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HIstamine releas
Yellojackets most potent locatl reaction Toxic reaction - n/v/d, edema, urticaria, renal/hpatic failure, DIC, cardiac arrest |
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Anaphylactic Reaction
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15min -6 hours
No correlatons between Rx and # of stongs Epi pens |
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Ants
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Fire ants - swarms, pustules
Cause Rhabdo ESRD |
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Spiders
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Few spider bites, fangs are to small, too little toxins, not effective on mammalian cells, typically local reactions.
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Brown Recluse
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-there are none in Nevada
-Approx 8 hours Systemic - hemolysis, chidlren Tx - supportive, pain meds |
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Black Wido
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Highly potent
painful bites muscle cramps - rarely rigidity Tx: pain meds, benzo, antivenom |
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Mosuitos Transmission
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-Japanese B encephalitis, yellow fever, dengue hemorrhagic fever, equine encephalitis, west nile,
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Flies
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Sandflies, horseflies
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Fleas
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Infection
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Bed bugs
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popular in LV, off the strip beds, kissing bugs and bed bugs
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Reptile bites
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3 million bites, 150,000 deaths, 20 if 120 venmousn, mortality is lower then 1%
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Crotalinae (pit vipers)
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Numerous snakes and rattle snakes
-2 fangs fold against roof of mouth |
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Snake bite Path
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venom quickly alters blood vessel permeability, loss of plasma and blood into surrounding tissue, hypovolemia, activates and consumes fibrinogen and platelets, coagulopathy, blocks neuromuscular transmission - cranial nerve weakenss, ptosis, respiratory failure, and altered sensorium.
-Complex enzyme mixures, local tissue injury, systemic vascular damage, hemolysis, fibrinolysis, neuromuscular dysfunction. |
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Crotaline snakebites
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snake envenomation involves local injury (swelling, pain, ecchymosis), hematologic abnormality (thrombocytopneia, elevated prothrombin time, hypofibrinogenemia) systemic effects (oral swelling, or parenthesia, metallis or rubbery taste in the mouth, hypotension, tachy)
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Tx of Crotaline
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Dont do suction or incision
Tourniquets are CI constrciotn bands - may be useful when immediate medical care in not available. anti-venom - mainstay of therapy for poisenous snakebites, ab bind and neutralize the venom molecuels, best tx hematologic abnl If acitve bleeding occurs - b lood component replacement |
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Coral Snake Bites
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Red on Yellow Kill a fellow
Red on black - venom lack - measure with pen to see if swelling, may not wan to give the antivenom because they may be allergic to that as well. |
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Tx of coral snake
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3-5 vials of antivenous
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Gilamonster bites
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as potent as rattle snakes
no good apparatus for injection few deaths |
