Eppp Social Psychology

Front 1

actor-observer bias

Back 1

When making actributions:

overestimates dispositional factors of others

underestimates dispositional factors of self

Front 2

attitude-behaviour discrepancy

Back 2

attitudes not accurate predictors of behaviour

unless used as measure of behavioural intention(Ajzen)

Front 3

study: pseudopatients

Back 3

Rosenhan

roles of social context and labelling on impression formation

Front 4

fundamental attribution bias

Back 4

overestimate dispositional causes & underestimates situational causes

Front 5

study: epinephrine

Back 5

Schachter

when we don't know the cause of our feelings, we look to others

support for self-perception theory

Front 6

overjustification hypothesis

Back 6

when reworded for a task they previsouly found intrinsically interesting, their intrinsic interest in the task will decrease

i.e. they thought enjoyment of task was due to external rather than internal factors

Front 7

compliance techniques

Back 7

foot-in-the-door
door-in-the-face
low-ball

Front 8

sources of power (6)

Back 8

cocercive
reward
expert
legitimate
referent
informational

Front 9

psychological reactance

Back 9

resit being influenced by doing the opposite of what is desired

Front 10

inoculation

Back 10

resistance to attitude change increase through inoculation

provide contrary arguments first, then weak counterarguments BEFORE persuasive message is heard

Front 11

elaboration likelihood model

Back 11

persuasion can occur through central or peripheral route

Front 12

study: cognitive dissonance

Back 12

Festinger

dull experiment, paid $1 or $20

$1 subjects said they enjoyed experiment, 'cos had no incentive for lying, therefore changed own attitude toward experiment to reduce feelings of dissonance

Front 13

deindividuation

Back 13

Zimbardo

more likely to act aggressively if anonymous (e.g. in a crowd)

Front 14

study: prison

Back 14

Zimbardo

role expectations influence a person's willingness to act aggressively

Front 15

study: Robber's Cave

Back 15

Sherif

boys attending summer camp divided into 2 groups

superordinate goals reduced hostility demonstrating cooperation

Front 16

intergroup contact hypothesis

Back 16

group antagonism reduced when interactions provide opportunities to disconfirm negative stereotypes

Front 17

study: jigsaw classroom

Back 17

cooperation benefits all students

Front 18

Schachter's research on affiliation

Back 18

misery loves miserable company

re: study of highly anxiety people prefering waiting with other anxious people

Front 19

def: ingratiation

Back 19

method of impression management, to reduce power differential

e.g. flattery, agreement

Front 20

fale consensus bias

Back 20

tend to overestimate the degree to which others are similar to us

Front 21

Heider's attribution theory

Back 21

Causal attributins can be desribed in terms of several dimensions:

dispositional vs situational
stable vs unstable
specific vs global
controllable vs uncontrollable

Front 22

correspondent inference threory

Back 22

Jones & Davis

make inferences about personal disposition based on behaviour alone

i.e. kind act, so must be kind

Front 23

Weiner's attribution theory about success & falure

Back 23

2 dimensions:
internal-external
temporary-stable

Front 24

self-serving bias

Back 24

attribute positive outcomes to dispositional factors

attrubute negative outcomes to external factors

(opposite when depressed)

Front 25

According to attribution theory, dissatisfied partners are more likely to ascribe:

1. negative events to ...
2. positive events to ...

Back 25

1. GLOBAL, STABLE characteristics of partner

2. SPECIFIC, UNSTABLE causes

Front 26

Measurement of attitudes

Back 26

Likert scale
Semantic Differential Scale
Thurstone Scale
Guttman Scale
Social Distance Scale

p. 25

Front 27

coercive family interaction model

Back 27

attributes aggressiveness in children to certain parent-child interactions

Front 28

reasons for bystander apathy (3)

Back 28

1. assistance unnecessary 'cos others not helping

2. fear of social disapproval

3. don't accept personal responsibility 'cos assuem others will offer help

Front 29

gain-loss theory

re: attraction

Back 29

attraction to a person maximized when a person's reactions are negative at first, then change to positive

Front 30

social exchange theory

re: attraction

Back 30

attraction when rewards of relationship exceed its costs

Front 31

density intensity hypothesis

re: crowding

Back 31

crown enhances positive experiences but makes unpleasnt situations even more unpleasant