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9 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is a p-value? |
A way to determine if an observed association is likely to be occurring because of chance |
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What is a confidence interval? |
A range of values that is likely to contain the "true" value
Can be used to determine if an observed association is likely to be occurring because of chance |
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What is logistic regression? |
A high powered statistical technique that is used to analyze the disease/exposure relationship |
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If the ratio is one, what does that mean? |
There is no difference between the two groups |
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What does a relative risk or odds ratio less than 1 mean? Greater than one? |
Less than 1: stronger, "protective" association Greater than 1: stronger, "causative" association |
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What does it mean that the p-value is less than, equal to, or greater than 0.05? |
-the p-value is less than 0.05 (p<0.05) the association is likely NOT BY CHANCE or it is “statistically significant”
-the p-value is greater than or equal to 0.05 (p>=0.05) the association if likely BY CHANCE or it is “not statistically significant” |
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How is random variation assessed? |
With statistical methods (typically a p-value) |
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What is the primary method to reduce the impact of random variation in an epidemiologic study? |
The primary method used to reduce the impact of random variation in an epidemiologic study is to use an adequate sample size |
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What does a p-value do? |
Determines if a statistically significant association exists, that is, it determines the probability of the observed association occurring by CHANCE (does NOT measure the strength of the association)
Is dependent on and reflects the sample size
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