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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are 3 ways that epidemiology is relevant to the clinician?
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1) Diagnosis
2) Prognosis 3) Treatment selection |
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What are the 2 steps to the epidemiologic approach?
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1) Show association
2) Show causal relationship -Hypothesis & testing (experiment) |
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True or false. Association and causal relationship are pretty much the same thing.
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False!!!!!
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What is the definition of epidemiology?
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Study of disease in populations
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What are the 2 complementary approaches to epidemiology?
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1) Risk factors that predispose some hosts to disease ( genes & environment)
2) Population of dynamics of infectious agents |
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What are the 2 steps in epidemiologic enquiry?
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1) Correlation
2) Causation |
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What are the 3 patterns of disease occurrence?
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1) Endemic
2) Epidemic 3) Pandemic |
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What is the definition of endemic?
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Habitual presence of a disease in a given area or the usual level of occurrence in area
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What is the definition of epidemic?
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Clearly in excess of normal expectation
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What is the definition of a pandemic?
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Global epidemic
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How can you get a pandemic (synchronized global outbreak)?
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Change in environment climates such as global warming
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What are 2 spatial patterns of disease?
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1) Random
2) Clustered |
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What are 2 ways that a clustered pattern of disease can develop?
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1) Exposure
-Secondary transmission, vector 2) Susceptibility -Genetics, immunocompromised hosts |
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What are 3 temporal patterns of disease?
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1) Short-term outbreaks
2) Long-term outbreaks 3) Cyclical outbreaks |
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What are the 3 factors that shape the distribution of disease (the epidemiologic triad)?
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1) Agent
2) Host 3) Environment -w/ vector in middle of triangle |
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Why is the inferring underlying processes from spatial or temporal pattern alone tricky?
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Because many different processes can yield similar patterns
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