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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Why are teeth lost?
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Several reasons: diseased tooth, caries, perio disease, crowding, liklihood of being extracted
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US trends in missing teeth based on NHANES study?
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-we are generally keeping more of our teeth as time goes on.
-Age 50-64 at less than 100% poverty level vs. same age in 200% poverty: richer you are, the fewer missing teeth you have. -Over time, the number of missing teeth no matter what age group is decreasing. -Elderly, ethnic minorities, below 100 % poverty, and smokers all have higher numbers of missing teeth Based on cross sectional study |
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Prospective - NHANES I epidemiology follow up study
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-1971-75, age 25-75 yrs
-check dental status at intervals and how it relates to mortality. Obtained mortality info by death certificates. |
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Baltimore longitudinal study on aging
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dental study long term with men and women 1958. Did dental exams on some subjects: perio disease, gingival bleeding, tooth counts, etc. followed up with more dental exams .
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Piedmont 65+ rural health study
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-age 65 and older in med outcomes. followed up to 7 years, variety of oral health measurements. brushing + flossing.
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Iowa 65+ rural health study
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Coronal root caries, perio measurements. Very similiar to piedmont 65 study but different location
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VA dental longitudinal study
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-Similar to normative agingin study, beginning in 1961. BOP, attachment loss, ortho treatment.
done at BU, and is in its 50th year. |
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What have the prospective studies concluded?
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Tooth related risk factors: tooth location - canines least likely to be lost, molars most likely, lower teeth less likely than uppers.
Proximal contacts - tooth w/o adjacent teeth more likely lost than if 2 adjacent Decayed/filled- each additional decayed/filled surface increases risk for loss of that tooth by 30%. probing depth pcoket - greater than 5 mm, loss quadruled. -Alveolar bone loss - 20% increase in lsos means more likely to be lost. -age: risk may increase w/ age up to a certain point, but may not have increase w/ age. -Smoking doubles risk of tooth loss. |
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Smoking and dental tooth loss
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On avg. smokers hae fewer teth.
Probably cause _ effect: cigarretete dose; smoking increases risk/worsens perio disease, hav more root canal treatments, may develop more caries; reduces risk of future tooth loss. |
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For smokers who do quit, how long does it take them to get back to the level of nonsmokers for risk?
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If they can succssfuly quit, for 10 -12 years, their risk of tooth loss from tht time forward is about the same as it is for nonsmokers.
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Tooth loss + systemic disease: describe the direct path between perio diseae ad CVD
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-associated w/ chronic conditions, predictor or outome. Perio pathogens leads to perio disease, chornic infections, immune response, inflammtor cytokines, leading to vascular endothelial dysfunction + atherosclorsis
DIrect pathway. Same pathway leads to obesity, impaired cognition, insulin resistance, etc. All of these pathways involve inflammation. |
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Tooth loss + osteoporosis
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Losing teeth is associated with more rapid bone loss based on study.
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Tooth loss + risk of dementia
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Study of elderly nuns. Women of 9 or fewer teeth vs. those who had 10 or more.
-those w/ fewer teeth at baseline had more than twice the risk of dementia years later. -2nd study: dental longitudinal - poor function on mini mental status. |
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Prevention - describe the 3 types and examples of each
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Primary: Preventing a disease before it occurs
Ex. community water fluoridation, dental sealants, fluoride varnish Secondary -interventions aimed at early detection + prompt treatment Ex. dental screenings, restorations to arrest progress of disease Tertiary -rehabilitating and restoring structure and function Ex; major clinical dental care, denture fabrication for edentulous people. |
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What is primordial prevention?
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addresses underlying conditions leaden to exposure to causative factors.
-target total pop or selected groups from population. -comprehensive policies that discourage smoking -programs to promote physical activity -hand washing policies for food workers |
