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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Why was there "no water in the ocean" on April Fool’s Day in 1946?
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trough came first, classic danger sign – people thought it was April fool's prank
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What happened to the parking meters after the 1960 tsunami in Hawaii?
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bent them in half
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Is a tsunami easily detectable in the open ocean?
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no, crest only rises a foot or more
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How did the sheltered side of an Indonesian Island receive the greatest damage during a tsunami in 1992?
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tsunami wrapped around the island to twice as high when it hit again
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Which country suffers the greatest number of fatalities from tsunami?
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Japan
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What was the maximum height above sea level (run-up) reached by the 1933 tsunami in Japan?
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95ft
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How does the tide gauge located in Taro, Japan monitor sea level?
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bounces a super sonic signal
measures unusual activity like sea level rise |
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What caused the ancient tsunami in Scotland?
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vast underwater landslide on Norway coast
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What caused the “Greatest Historical Tsunami”?
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meteorite off Gulf Coast
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What was the evidence that the fault scarp was recent?
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vertical cliff of mud in just past few months, rough sawtoothed edge – so its recent, no biological activity has formed yet
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What was the total vertical displacement measured?
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40 feet
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Over what horizontal distance along the fault did displacement occur?
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750 miles
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Note how the tsunami wraps around the peninsula in the model.
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bounces off edge, wraps around, peninsula protects stuff behind it, then hits far shore
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Can the passing of a tsunami be detected in the deep ocean floor, several kilometers below sea surface? How?
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yes, tsunami buoys, bottom pressure recorders a few miles below surface send wave data to satellite from floating buoys
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What is the equivalent height of an actual wave being modeled by a 4-foot wave in a wave tank?
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88 ft monster wave
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What is Pangea?
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giant supercontinent, stretched unbroken from pole to pole
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What is the strongest erosive force on the planet?
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water
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How long will it be before the sun removes all life from the surface of the planet?
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5 billion years
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What is the name of the geological period at 65 million years before present?
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Cretaceous
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How big was the Atlantic 65 million years ago?
What period is this? |
half as wide
Cretaceous |
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What is the name of the geological period at 152 million years before present?
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Jurassic
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What was the Earth's climate like 152 million years ago?
what period is that? |
warm, tropical – no ice caps, no flowers or broad leaved trees
Jurassic |
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What is the name of the geological period at 220 million years before present?
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Triassic
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What major group of reptiles evolved 220 million years ago?
What period is this? |
dinosaurs
Triassic |
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In which direction in time do you travel as you travel upstream along the Red Dear River?
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going up in time
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Which extinction gave rise to the dinosaurs?
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Permian
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How long did dinosaurs roam America?
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160 million years
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How long does it take for material from the Oort cloud to get to the inner solar system?
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1 million years
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How long does it take our solar system to travel around the galaxy and up and down through the galaxy?
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around 250 million, up and down every 30 million
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In terms of area, how big was the explosion caused by comet Shoemaker Levy 9 on the surface of Jupiter?
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bigger than our entire planet
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How many stars are there in our galaxy?
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400 thousand million stars
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400,000 000,000
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On avg, how long do species (not individuals) exist on Earth?
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few million years
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4 million
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