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53 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Matter |
Anything that has mass and volume (takes up space) |
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Atom |
The smallest part of an element |
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Element |
Matter that is only made of one type of atom |
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Proton |
Has a positive charge, located in the nucleus |
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Nucleus |
Center of the atom, holds the protons and neutrons |
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Electron |
Has a negative charge, flies around the nuclues |
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Neutron |
Has no charge, located in the nucleus |
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Mixture |
Is made of elements or compounds that are NOT chemically combined |
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Heterogeneous |
Has parts you CAN see |
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Homogenous |
Looks the same throughout |
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Compound |
A substance whose smallest unit is made up of atoms of more than one element |
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Why do we have seasons? |
We have seasons because the Earth is tilted. The northern hemisphere is tilted to get more sunlight in summer (long days short night) |
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Layers of the atmosphere |
Troposphere Stratosphere Mesosphere Thermosphere Exosphere |
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Conduction |
Heat transfer through direct contact |
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Convection |
Heat transfer from flowing/moving liquid or gas |
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Radiation |
The Suns rays heat whatever surface it touches |
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Cirrus |
Wispy, feathery clouds high up in the sky
Pleasant weather |
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Cumulus |
Puffy cottonballs with flat bases
Good weather |
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What causes land and sea breezes? |
Land heats up and cools down faster than water. |
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Transpiration |
Water vapor that is released into the atmosphere by living things |
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Condensation |
Water vapor changing into a liquid |
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Evaporation |
Water changing into a vapor form |
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Precipitation |
Water that falls from the atmosphere to the Earth |
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Infiltration |
Water seeps through the rocks to become ground water |
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Prokaryotic |
No nucleus of membrane covered organelles
Bacteria |
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Eukaryotic |
Has a nucleus and membrane covered organelles
Plants, Animals, Fungus |
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Osmosis |
Movement of water from a semi-permeable membrane from an area of high concentration to low concentration |
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Diffusion |
Movement of molecules across a semi-permeable membrane from an area of high concentration to low concentration |
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Equilibrium |
When the concentrations are the same |
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Fermentation in yeast |
Glucose is taken in and a small amount of ATP, alcohol, and carbon dioxide is produced |
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Fermentation in muscles |
Glucose is taken in and a small amount of ATP and lactic acid are produced, in many cases, carbon dioxide is also produced |
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Organ |
A group of tissues that work together to perform a specific job |
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Tissue |
A group of cells that work together to perform a specific job |
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Organism |
Anything that can sustain life on its own |
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Organ system |
A group of organs that work together to perform a specific job |
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Natural Gas |
Cleanest burning fossil fuel |
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Inherited traits |
Characteristic that are passed from parents to offspring that are controlled by DNA |
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Acquired Traits |
Characteristics that are NOT controlled by your DNA |
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Mitosis |
Cell division for all body cells
Result: 46 chromosomes per cell, two identical cells |
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Meiosis |
Cel division for sex cells (egg and sperm)
Result: 23 chromosomes, 4 non-identical cells |
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Mutation |
An error on a gene |
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Active transport |
the movement of molecules across a semi-permeable membrane from low concentration to high concentration by using ENERGY |
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Five characteristics of life |
Responds to stimuli Reproduce Uses energy Made of 1 or more cells Grows and develops |
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Asexual reproduction |
One parent makes an identical copy of itself |
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Sexual reproduction |
Two parents produce offspring with DNA from both parents |
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Homeostasis |
An organisms ability to keep a stable internal environment |
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Complex carbohydrates |
Chains of sugar that are used for long lasting energy |
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Lipids |
Fats and oils used as stored energy when an organism has used up its carbohydrates, they can not mix with water |
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Nucleic acids |
Contains instructions for making proteins |
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Protein |
Make up most of your cells (used to make more of you) |
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Simple carbohydrates |
Single rings of sugar used for quick energy |
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Starch |
Complex carbohydrates from plants |
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Cells |
The smallest part of a living thing that can carry out all the necessary functions of life |
