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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Metabolism |
Sum total of all chemical reactions taking place inside a cell |
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Activation energy |
-All chemical reactions won't occur unless an initial amount of energy is provided
-Determines how fast a reaction occurs
Example: friction when lighting a match |
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Enzymes |
-Special catalysts that speed up the rate of reactions by reducing the activation energy
-They are Specific, meaning an enzyme catalyses a single type of chemical reaction
-They can be used repeatedly |
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Substrate |
The chemical on which an enzyme works |
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Active site |
-The region on an enzyme where the substrate binds to -Once a reaction occurs, the enzyme-substrate complex breaks up into products and enzyme |
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The lock and key hypothesis |
The substrate fits into the active site like a key fits into a lock |
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Saturation point |
When all the enzyme active sites are occupied by substrate molecules |
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Optimum Temperature |
The rate of enzyme-catalysed reactions is highest at the optimum temperature
Example- Enzymes found in the human body work fastest at 37 degrees C, which the core body temperature |
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Denatured |
The shape of the active site is permanently altered due to exceeding the optimum temperature |
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Inactivated |
-Temperature lower than the optimum, enzyme catalysed reactions slow down
-Will become active again when the temperature increases |
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Optimum pH |
If conditions in the cell are rendered more acidic or alkaline, the shape of the active site is altered, and the enzyme become denatured |
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Inhibitors |
Molecules that slow down or completely stop enzyme action |
