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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the 6 steps (in order) of the Scientific Method?
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#1) Make observations or gather data
#2) Form a hypothesis #3) Design an appropriate test/experiment to assess the hypothesis/prediction #4) Conduct test/experiment, record and analyze the results (including mathematical and statistical evaluation) #5) Interpret the results and draw conclusions (accept, revise or reject the hypothesis) #6) Reporting the results |
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scientific hypothesis
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an informed, testable and predictive explanation of a natural phenomenon, process or event
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models
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mathematical or conceptual hypotheses that provide useful perspectives
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corroborated hypothesis
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If a scientific hypothesis continues to pass repeated tests and the predictions have been verified, then it is considered a <b>corroborated hypothesis</b>
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scientific theory
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a unifying and consistent explanation of fundamental natural processes or phenomena that is constructed of corroborated hypotheses and scientific facts
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empirical evidence
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evidence that is observable and measurable by more than one researcher
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deduction
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the logical process of arriving at a conclusion based on premises that have been verified
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induction
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the logical process of arriving at a conclusion based on premises that are <i>assumed</i> to be true but have not been verified
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Law of Tolerance
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The law of tolerance states that the existence, abundance and distribution of species depends on the tolerance level of each species to physical and chemical factors.
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abiotic
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non-living
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biotic
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living
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independent variable
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what the scientist manipulates in the experiment
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dependent variable
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responds to the manipulation of the independent variable
the dependent variable depends on the independent variable |
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controlled variables
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variables that are held constant
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treatment v. control
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A well-designed experiment should distinguish between the <b>treatment</b> (the experimental condition) and the <b>control</b> (reference for comparison. All variables are held constant for the control
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confounding variables
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variables that the researcher failed to control, or eliminate, damaging the internal validity of an experiment
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precision
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a measure of the scatter, dispersion, or ability to replicate the measurements
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accuracy
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the extent to which the measurements are a reliable estimate of the <i>true</i> value
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