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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What do plants need to thrive in an environment? |
Sunlight, gases, water, nuterirents, minerals, and space |
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What is the definition of soil? |
A mixture of mineral grains, ait, water, and organic material that support plant life |
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What are the four main components of soil and the percentages? |
5% organic material, 25% air, 25% water, 45% weathered rock |
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What is soil profile? |
The series of horizontal layers in soil |
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What is topsoil? |
An upper layer of the soil the contain nutrients and organic material |
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Where are the most plant roots located? |
In topsoil |
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What are the different layers of soil? |
Surface litter, topsoil, subsoil, rock particales, bedrock |
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What is surface litter? |
Composed of loose, fallen leaves and organic matter that is only partially decomposed |
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What is topsoil |
Dark coloured layer with large amounts of organic matter mixed with minerals |
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What is subsoil? |
Contains less organic matter and fewer organisms then topsoil; accumulates nutrients leached from topsoil |
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What are rock particles? |
Contains no organic matter; chemical content of minerals in this layer helps determine the ph of the soil |
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What is bedrock? |
Solid layer of rock |
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What is humus? |
Organic material resulting from the breakdown of plant and animal remains |
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How is soil texture determined? |
By the size of the mineral particles in the soil |
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What is the ideal soil for agriculture? |
Loam- combines large spaces for air and water drainage with the ability of clay particles to hold nutrients and water |
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What number of ph is acidic |
Less then 7 |
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What number of ph is neutral? |
7 |
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What number of ph is basic? |
Higher then 7 |
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What can make soil more acidic? |
High annual rainfall |
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What is the definition of agriculture? |
The practice of raising plants and livestock for food or other human needs |
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What is monoculture? |
The growth of a single crop, usually on a large area of land |
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What is algal bloom? |
The population explosion of algae |
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How does synthetic fertilizers impact on aquatic ecosystems? |
Algae, bacteria, low oxygen, fish die |
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What is the definition of pesticide? |
Any chemical used to kill or control populations of unwanted fungi, animals, or plants |
