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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Hypothesis |
testable prediction based on prior knowledge and observation |
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theory |
broad explanation based on many experiments and high amounts of data |
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Pseudoscience |
appears or claims to be science, but does not follow scientific principles |
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observation |
information gathered by noticing specific details of a phenomenon |
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independent variable |
what the experimenter changes during the experiment |
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dependent variable |
what the experiment measures |
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constants |
things that are kept the same |
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experimental group |
receives the variable |
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control group |
doesn't receive the variable |
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probability |
the likeliness that a result occurred simply due to random chance |
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sample size |
the size of the sample |
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bias |
the preference for an experiment to turn out in a certain way |
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hypothesis vs theory |
theory is scientific truth while a hypothesis is a guess waiting to be tested |
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importance of publishing and reproducible a study |
it gets rid of bias and makes sure that the experiment is accurate and didn't happen because of pure chance |
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why is astrology a pseudoscience |
because it is measured incorrectly and the signs don't match up with the dates |
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modeled vs natural experiments |
natural is conducted in the field under normal circumstance. Advantage- more accurate, realistic experiment. Disadvantage- natural phenomena are often very difficult to find |
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order of the scientific method |
identify the question research formulate hypothesis test hypothesis collect data interpret publish findings |
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blind vs double blind |
blind- conducted so the experimental subjects don't know which control and which is experimental group. double blind- prevents the actual scientist from knowing which is the control or experimental group. double blind eliminates bias |
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placebo effect |
a beneficial effect, produced by a placebo drug or treatment, that cannot be attributed to the properties of the placebo itself, and must therefore be due to the patient's belief in that treatment. if a person is given pain medication for an injury but they are only given Advil and the pain goes away |
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why is scientific forgery a big problem |
scientists will fake data to make the situation work for them because thats what they believe but with the vaccines people died from preventable diseases because they were scared their kid was going to get autism |
