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100 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Cerebellum
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Lies in thebrain and mainly coordinates voluntary movements and balance.
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pH in blood |
pH in what substance?pH-level at 4,35 to 4,45 (normal level) |
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gastric juice
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A digestive fluid, formed in the stomach.pH at 1-3 |
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pancreatic juice
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pancreatic juice
a liquid secreted by the pancreas with pH at 8,5 |
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cornea
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the transparent structure that covers the eyesiris and helps focus light |
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cone cells |
photoreceptors that detect bright light. It’s located between the retina and the choroid, in the back of the eye in theepithelium layer.
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Rod cells |
photoreceptorsthat detect dim light located between the retina and the choroid, in the back of the eye in the epithelium layer
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vasomotility center
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nerve center and a part of medulla oblongata. it regulates the opening of the blood vessels |
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paramecium
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(tøffeldyr) unicellular ciliater |
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a glia cell
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neuroglia, glia cell (same cell, different name)
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astrocytes |
the most abundant type of microglia cells |
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medulla oblungata
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(den forlengede marg) deals with the autosomatic functions of breath, heart rate and blood pressure. It's the most posterior an inferior part of the brain.
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hypotalamus
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a part of the brain which links the neurosystem to the endocrine system (which controls the body's hormone production). Also deals with the temperature and appetite.
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cerebrum
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(storehjernen) this is where information is proceed and sensory input and motor respons are integrated.
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thyroid gland
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skjoldbruskkjertelen
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adrenal cortex
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binyrebarken
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pancreatic islet
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bukspyttkjertelen
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ovaries
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eggstokkene
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thyroxine
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a pro hormone who stimulates metabolic processes
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melatonine
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a hormone that affects biological rhythms, e.g. sleep cycle. produced in pineal gland
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insulin |
is a protein that reguletes the metabolism of carbohydrates and fats by promoting the absorption of glucose from the blood. |
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cranial nerves
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exchanges information between the brain and regions of the head and the neck
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hippocampus |
belongs to the limbic system and plays an important role for short term memory to long term memory |
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fovea
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the center of the visual field. contains only cones. Sharpness is greatest here.
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the limbic system |
a complex set of brain structure |
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the ciliary muscle
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adjustment of this muscle focus light from near or distant by changing the tension of fibers.
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fibia
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tykkeste av de to leggbenene
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fibula
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tynneste av de to leggbenene
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mucus
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snørr
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prion
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misfolded protein
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the small intestine
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(tynntarmen) contains off the parts duodenum, jejunum, and ileum
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adrenal gland
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binyre
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renal tubes |
parts of the nephron in the kidneys |
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cell cycle prosess
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s-fase: DNA-synthesis
G2-fase: the cell double-checks the duplicated chromosomes for error M-fase: mitosis G1-fase: the cell increases in size |
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phagocytosis
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when big microorganisms are engulfing the cell
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pinocytosis
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when a cell continually "gulps" droplets of extracellular fluid into tiny vesicles. also called cell-drinking.
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epinephrine
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hormone and neurotransmitter. produced and released by adrenal gland.
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cAMP |
(Cyclic AMP) a second messanger. transfer the effects of hormones like glucagon and adrenaline |
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neutrophils |
Most abundant type of white blood cells |
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oxytocin
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love hormone <3 do not react to negative feedback
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transcription
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the first step of gene expression, in which a particular segment of DNA is copied into RNA
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translation
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the process in which cellular ribosomes create proteins
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immunoglobulin/antibody |
Another word for antistoff |
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placenta
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morkake
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histones
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highly alkaline proteines found in eukaryotic cell's nuclei. packs and order the DNA into structural units called nucleosomes
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microfilaments
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the filaments of the cytoskeleton. made mainly out of protein called actin.
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the spleen
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(milten) plays an important role in regard to the red blood cells. acts primary as a blood filter.
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reduced hemoglobin
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hemoglobin in red blood cells after the oxygen of oxyhemoglobin is released in the tissues.
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oxyhemoglobin
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hemoglobin that contains bound O2
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carbaminohemoglobin
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a combination of carbondioxide and hemoglobin, being one of the form in which carbondioxide exists in the blood
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carboxyhemoglobin
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hemoglobin that has carbon monoxide instead of oxygen bound to it. cause carbon monoxide poisoning
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colon
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the large intestine. water is absorbed and the remaining waste material is stored as feces (bæsj)
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the endocrine system
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refers to the collection of glands of an organism that secrete hormones directly into the circulations system.
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the corpus letum
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temporary endocrine structure in female mammals. it secretes the hormone progrestone
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progrestone
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is one of the hormones that stimulates and regulates important functions in female bodies and maintain the pregnancy. activates LH and FSH by negative feedback.
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the oviduct
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the passage way from the ovaries to the outside of the body.
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vitamin A
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often called the vitamin of the eye. works as an antioxidant, important to resistance against virus. it's fat solable.
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vitamin B |
water-soluble vitamin. important to maintain and built connective tissue. regulates absorption of Fe. |
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Vitamin K |
is fat-solable vitamin. needed to complete synthesis of certain proteins that are required for blood to coagulate. |
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PCR (polymerase chain reaction)
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is a technology in molucular biology used to amplify a single copy or a few copies of a piece og DNA
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estrogen
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the primary female sex hormone. synthesized in the ovaries, and in small amounts in the adrenal cortex, placenta ande male tests. reacts to negative feedback.
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prolactin
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also known as the luteotropic hormone. is a protein that in humans is best known for it's role in stimulating females to produce milk. it's secreted from the pituitary gland/hypophysis. reacts to negative feedback.
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pituitary gland/hypophysis
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an endocrine gland located in the bottom of the hypothalamus. secretes hormones.
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karyotype
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a chart of human chromosome pairs
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lipids and carbohydrates is important in animal cells because...
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they store forms of energy
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cholesterol
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an organic molecule that is required to maintain both membrane structure integrity and fluidity
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erythrocytes |
Also called red blood cells, the most commune type of blood cells |
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neutrophils/neutrophil granulocytes
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the most abundant type of white blood cells in mammals
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lymphocytes
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any of three subtypes of white blood cells in the immunesystem
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platelets/thrombocytes
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blood cells whose function is to stop bleeding
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germanial cell
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any biological cell that gives rise to the gametes of an organism that reproduces sexually
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macrophages
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a type of white blood cells that engulfs and digest cellular debris (rubbish), foreign substances, microbes and cancer cells in a process called phagocytosis
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measles virus
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mesling-virus
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iodine |
a chemical element which the body need to produce thyroid hormone in the thyroid gland. the body does not make this , so it is an essential part of the diet. without enough iodine the thyroid gland will enlarge, this condition is called simple goiter. |
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addison's disease
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a rare, chronic endocrine system disorder in which the adrenal glands do not produce sufficient steroid hormones. E.g. aldosterone.
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cushing's syndrome
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a collection of signs and symptoms due to prolonged exposure to cortisol (a steroid hormone)
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Which cell components contains this own DNA?
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mitochondrium, chloroplast and nucleus
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homeostasis
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a system in which variables are regulated so that internal conditions remain stable and relatively constant. E.g. temperature regulation, and pH-level and glucose-level in body.
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lactic acid
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the normal end-product of glycosides in red blood cells
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Antigen |
a macromolecule that induces an immune response is The called? |
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thyroxine
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a pro hormone produced in the thyroid gland that are primary responsible for regulation of metabolic processes
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parathormone
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secreted by chief cells of the parathyroid gland. is acts to increase the concentration of calcium in the blood
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the parathyroid gland
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small endocrine glands in the neck of humans. produces parathyroid gland
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adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
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a poly peptide tropic hormone produced and secreted by the anterior pituitary gland
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anvil
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(anbolten) located in the middle ear
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cochlea
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(sneglehuset) located in the inner ear
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vestibule
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a nerve located in the inner ear.
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auditory channel
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the ear channel, outer ear
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urea |
Which liquid is produced in the liver? |
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humerus
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upper arm bone
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ulna
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one of the two long bone in the forarm. also called elbow bone (it's well attached to the elbow)
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radius
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one of the two long bones in the forarm. it extends from the lateral side of the elbow. shorter and smaller than ulna.
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symbiosis
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is a close and often long-term interaction between two or more different biological species
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apoptosis
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is the process of programmed cell death (PCD) that may occur in multicellular organisms
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nerosis
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death of body tissue. it occurs when there is not enough blood flowing to the tissue. not reversible
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cytotoxicity
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the quality of being toxic to cells
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salivary amylase
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found in salvia and breaks starch into maltose and dextrin. also called ptyalin. optimum pH 7.
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trypsin
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a serine protease found in the digestive system where it hydrolyses proteins. it's produced in the pancreas. optimal pH 7,5-8,5.
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serine protease
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enzyme that cleave peptide bonds in proteins
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pepsin
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an enzyme that begins the degradation of food proteins into peptides. optimal pH 1,0-4,0.
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