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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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ACTIVATION ENERGY
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The minimum energy which reacting species must possess in order to be able to form an 'activated complex' or transition state before proceeding to the product.
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AVERAGE BOND ENTHALPY
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Average of bond dissociation energies of a specific bond in different molecules.
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BOND DISSOCIATION ENTHLAPY
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A measure of the strength if a bond; the amount of energy required to break one mole of a particular type of bond to form gaseous atoms.
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CALORIMETER
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A device for the measurement of heats of chemical reactions
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CATALYST
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A substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without itself undergoing any permanent chemical change.
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ENDOTHERMIC
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A chemical process that takes heat from its surroundings.
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ENTHALPY
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The energy (or 'heat content') of a substance at constant pressure.
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ENTHALPY CHANGE
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The amount of heat evolved or absorbed in a reaction carried out at constant pressure.
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ENERGY/ ENTHALPY CYCLES
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A diagram showing alternative routes between reactants and products which allows the indirect determination of an enthalpy change from other known enthalpy changes using Hess's law.
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ENTHLAPY PROFILE DIAGRAM/
REACTION COORDINATE DIAGRAM |
A diagram that describes the energy changes that take place during the course of a reaction.
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EXOTHERMIC
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A chemical process that releases heat to its surroundings.
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HESS'S LAW
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When reactants are converted into products, the change in enthalpy is the same whether the reaction takes place in one step of a series of steps.
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SPECIFIC HEAT CAPACITY
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The amout of energy required to raise the temperature of 1 g of a substance by 1*C.
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STANDARD CONDITIONS
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Pure form of a substance at atmospheric pressure of 1 atm (101 kPa) and specified temperature usually, but not necessarily, 298*K (25*C). A concentration of 1 mol dm-3 for reactions with aqueous solutions.
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STANDARD ENTHALPY CHANGE OF COMBUSTION
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The enthalpy change when one mole of a substance undergoes complete combustion under standard conditions. All reactants and products are in their standard states.
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STANDARD ENTHALPY CHANGE OF FORMATION
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The enthalpy change when one mole of a compound is formed in its standard state from its elements in their standard states.
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STANDARD ENTHALPY CHANGE OF REACTION
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The enthalpy change that accompanies a reaction in the molar quantities expressed in a chemical equation under standard conditions, all reactants and products being in their standard states.
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