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33 Cards in this Set

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Name 7 characteristics common to all enteric bugs:
1. GNB
2. Oxidase neg
3. Ferment Glu to Acid or A/G
4. Reduce Nitrate->Nitrite
5. If motile, peritrichous
6. Facultative anaerobes
7. Have endotoxin
What TSA results are obtained from all enteric bugs?
Either K/A or A/A
None will be K/K or K/NC
What is endotoxin composed of?
What does it cause?
-Lipopolysaccharide
-Causes shock and sepsis.
Which enteric is the #1 cause of shock/sepsis?
E. coli
What would you NOT prescribe for enterics?
-Penicillins
-Erythromycin
-Clindamycin
-Oxacillin/methicillin
Name some antibiotics that WOULD be effective vs. enterics:
Ampicillin, Cephalosporins, Chloramphenicol, Gentamicin, Imipenem, Kanamycin, Piperacillin, SXT, Tetracycline.
List the 9 NONPATHOGENIC enteric bugs:
1. E. coli
2. Klebsiella
3. Enterobacter
4. Hafnia
5. Serratia
6. Citrobacter
7. Providencia
8. Proteus
9. Morganella
What 5 infections are caused by enteric bugs?
1. UTI
2. Pneumonia
3. Wound
4. Sepsis
5. Neonatal meningitis
What are the five enteric PATHOGENS?
1. Yersinia enterocolitica
2. E. coli
3. Shigella
4. Edwardsiella tarda
5. Salmonella
What enteric bug causes Bacillary dysentery?
Shigella
Name 4 species of Shigella:
1. dysenteriae (4th)
2. flexneri (2nd)
3. boydii (3rd)
4. sonnei (most common)
What is the incubation time before dysentery develops?
1 1/2 to 3 days
How does dysentery differ from food poisoning?
-Food poisoning (e.g. Staph, B. cereus) is due to toxins.
-Foodborne illness (this, Salmonella, Campy, Vibrio) is due to proliferation within the intestinal tract.
What is Edwardsiella tarda associated with?
Fish and reptiles
Which pathogen is most frequently encountered?
Salmonella
What 2 types of disease do Salmonella species cause?
1. Enterocolitis
2. Typhus
How is Salmonella assoc. enterocolitis transmitted?
Via ingestion of undercooked poultry
What species causes typhus?
What are symptoms of it?
Salmonella typhi
Sx: febrile disease, organomegaly, rash
How is Typhus different from Salmonella and Shigella?
Incubation periods:
Salmonella = 8-24 hrs
Shigella = 36-72 hrs
S. typhi = 8-14 DAYS
Where is S. typhi stored when a patient is a carrier of it?
In the gallbladder - so it is continuously shed in stools.
What specimens are best for isolating S. typhi from an infected patient? At what times?
1st week: blood culture
2nd/3rd wk: Stool
Name 3 species of yersinia:
1. Yersinia enterocolitica
2. Yersinia pestis
3. Yersinia pseudotuberculosis
-What does Y. enterocolitica cause?
-What type of media is needed to isolate it?
-Enterocolitis
-CIN media
What three E. coli species are pathogenic?
-Enteropathogenic (uncommon)
-Enterotoxigenic (Mexicans)
-0157:H7
What media is used for E. Coli 0157H7? Why?

What is another variation of SMAC?
-SMAC - extra carb = sorbitol
Normal enterics ferment =PINK.
E. Coli 0157:H7 doesnt =CLEAR.
-Variation: CT-SMAC contains antibiotics to inhibit normal E. coli.
What does E. Coli 0157:H7 cause?
Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome
What is the natural reservoir of E. Coli 0157:H7?
Therefore it is transmitted from what 3 sources?
Cows = reservoir
Transmission via:
-Undercooked beef
-Apple cider
-petting zoos
What two enteric bugs cause dysentery?
-Shigella
-E. Coli 0157:H7
With what disease is Y. pestis associated?
How is it transmitted?
Bubonic plague
-Rat flea bite - zoonotic
What are 2 forms of the plague and how do they differ?
-Bubonic
-Pneumonic
Only pneumonic is transmitted person-person.
Which enteric tends to have a red pigment?
Serratia
Which enteric smells chocolatey?
Providencia
Which enteric swarms?
Proteus