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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Philosophes
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-French term for philosophers
-The body of Enlightenment thinkers -Writers of the Encyclopedia |
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Voltaire
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-Philosophe who despised the Church of Rome
-attacked religious persecution -appraised religious freedom, England |
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Deism
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-Belief in a rational God who created the universe, but allowed it to function without interference.
-Clockwork |
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Encyclopedia
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-A handbook for Enlightenment ideas
-Effort to spread the Enlightenment and its ideals wholly throughout Europe |
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Physiocrat
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-Economic liberalism
-Rejected mercantilism; wealth was in LAND rather than gold/silver |
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Adam Smith
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-Capitalism: economic system, free market economics
-government has limited role in the economy -father of laissez-faire |
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Montesque
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-Stressed importance of 'rule of law'
-disliked / wrote against monarchy -promote checks and balances |
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Rousseau
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-Radical critic of society and institutions
-GENERAL WILL. Force people to be free |
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Mary Wallstonecraft
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-Feminist, women's equality to men and voting equality
-"Vindication of the Rights of Women |
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Neoclassical Art
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-Celebration of Republicanism and reason themes: Classical
-lessons of good, virtue, morality, self-sacrifice |
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Enlightened Despotism
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A form of monarchical rule in which the monarch is heavily influenced by ideals of the Enlightenment. The monarch will tend to bring power away from themselves in attempt to balance the power of the state.
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Frederick the Great
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-Prussian enlightened despot
-abolished serfdom, instituted religious toleration |
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Joseph II
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-Legislated religious toleration in Austria for Protestants and Calvinists
-remove burden of serfdom |
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Catherine the Great
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-Continued Peter's goal of westernizing Russia
-greatly expanded Russian territory -Reforms based on Enlightenment ideas; did not alienate Russian nobility |
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Partition of Poland (I and II)
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-following conflicts of Russia/Prussia/Austria in the Polish territory, the area was divided amongst these three powers
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