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6 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back

Attributes of Modern Professionals

- Intellectual skills that are acquired through a formalized system of education or training




- The exercise of judgment on matters connected with the practice of work




- Membership in self-governing societies




- Their practice of work contributes directly to advance public welfare

Two types of Professionals are:

Independent professionals


work independently, paid directlyby the client, have much greater autonomy in their actions.




employed professional


usually hired by a company ororganization. has monthly salary, the employer sets the terms of their work and so the professionalhas much less autonomy in their actions.

define Professional Systems

The professional system can be defined as a formalized organization that linksprofessionals with society they operate within

3 common aspects between most Professional Systems

-most professional systems have formal rules (sometime laws) that govern the actions ofindividual professionals.




- professionals become members of a profession when they receive a license topractice the profession. The professional license, just like a driver’s license, allows theindividual to practice that profession.




-breaking formal rules can result in penalties and depending on the nature of violationeven loss of license. It is through the licensing system that the actions of professionals aregoverned by the government.

The two dimensions of professional values (PNR)

-professional values are those that guide the nature of professional relations with others. This include aspects such as values of honesty,integrity, loyalty and responsibility.




-professional values relate to societal leadership that relate to how theprofessional should relate to the values that underpin a particular society or nation they workwithin. These relate to such aspects as law, prejudice, and safety.

Two reasons as to why professionals have a higher social status than most

-First, society values professionals for the skill and expertise they possess in contributingdirectly to public welfare.




-Second, society values professionals, because their technical expertise can guide importantdecisions that society can make collectively. Technical expertise is relevant because of thescientific basis that it brings in solving global problems. In doing so, it provides analternative to the messiness of decision-making of politicians and political leaders indemocracies.