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89 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
abstract
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`having to do with concepts or qualities that cannot be directly seen or touched, such as love, justice, beauty, liberty
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***allegory
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***a story or poem in which characters, settings, and events stand for other people or events or for abstract ideas or qualities
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alliteration
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the repetition of the same or similar consonant sounds in words that are close together
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allusion
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`reference to someone or something that is known from history, literature, religion, politics, sports, science, or some other branch of culture
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analogy
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a comparison made between two things to show how they are alike
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anecdote
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a brief story told to illustrate a point or serve as an example of something
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antagonist
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the opponent who struggles against the hero or protagonist in a story
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apostrophe
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a technique by which a writer addresses an inanimate object, an idea, or a person who is either dead or absent
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audience
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the people to whom a writer's words are directed
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autobiography
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an account of the writer's own life
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ballad
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a song or poem that tells a story
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biography
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an account of someone's life written by another person
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blank verse
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poetry written in unrhymed iambic pentameter
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cadence
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the natrual rhythmic rise and fall of a language as it is normally spoken
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caesura
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a pause or break within a line of poetry
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static character
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a character who does not change much in the course of a story
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dynamic character
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a character who changes in some important way as a result of the story's action
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***flat character
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***a one-dimensional character who has only one or two personality traits
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round character
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a multi-dimensional character who is complex, just as real people are
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cliche
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a word or phrase that has become lifeless because of overuse
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climax
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that point in a plot that creates the greatest intensity, suspense, or interest
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colloquialism
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expressions that are generally appropriate for conversation and informal writing, but not for formal writing or professional settings
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concrete
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having to do with objects or qualities that can be perceived by the senses
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conflict
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the struggle between opposing forces or characters in a story
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connotation
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the associations and emotional overtones that have become attached to a word or phrase in addition to its strict dictionary definition
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consonance
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the repetition of the same or similar final consonant sounds on accented syllables or in important words
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couplet
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two consecutive rhyming lines of poetry
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denotation
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the basic dictionary meaning of a word without any of its associated meanings
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dialect
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a way of speaking that is characteristic of a certain social group or of the inhabitants of a certain geographical area
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denouement
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the conclusion or unraveling of a story
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diction
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a speaker or writer's choice of words
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elegy
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a poem of mourning
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epic
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a long narrative poem which recounts the deeds of a heroic character
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euphemism
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a more agreeable or less offensive substitute for a generally unpleasant word or concept
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exposition
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that part of a plot in which the reader is given important background information on the characters, their problems, and the setting
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fable
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a short story told in prose or petry (usually using animals as characters) that teaches a practical lesson about life
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figure of speech
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a device used to produce figurative language, often comparing dissimilar things (ex: apostrophe hyperbole, irony, metaphor, oxymoron, paradox, personification, simile, and understatement)
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flashback
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a scene that interrupts the normal chronological sequence of events ina story to depict something that happened at an earlier time
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foot
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a metrical unit of poetry
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foreshadowing
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the use of hints and clues ot suggest what will happen later in a plot
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free verse
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poetry that does not conform to a regular meter or rhyme scheme
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hyperbole
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a figure of speech that uses an incredible exaggeration or overstatement for effect
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iamb
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a metrical foot in poetry that has an unstressed syllable followed by a stressed syllable, as in protect
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iambic pentameter
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a line of poetry that contains five iambic feet
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imagery****
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the use of language to evoke a picture of a person, a thing, a place, or an experience****
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internal rhyme
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rhyme that occurs within a line or consecutive lines of poetry
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inversion
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the reversal of the normal word order in a sentence or phrase
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irony
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a discrepancy between appearances and reality
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dramatic irony
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a character in the play or story thinks one thing is true, but the audience or reader knows better
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situational irony
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when there is a discrepancy between what is expect to happen and what really does happen
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verbal irony
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when someone says one thng but really means something else
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metaphor
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a figure of speech that makes a comparison between two unlike things without the use of words such as "like" or "as"
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meter
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a pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables in poetry
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mood
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the prevailing atmosphere or emotional aura of a word
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ode
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a lyric poem on a seirous subject written in dignified language
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onomatopoeia
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formation of a word by imitating the sound associated with the thing designated as in "buzz" "hum" "cuckoo" "slap" or "splash"
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oxymoron
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a figure of speech that combines opposite or contradictory terms in a brief phrase
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parable
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a relatively short story that teaches a moral or lesson about how to lead a good life
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paradox
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a statement that appears self-contradictory, but that reveals a kind of truth
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parallel structure / parallelism
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the repetition of words or phrases that have similar grammatical structures
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paraphrase
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to state the meaning of a passage in one's own words
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parody
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a work that makes fun of another work by imitating some aspect of the writer's style
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personification
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a figure of speech in which an object or animal is given human feelings, thoughts, attitudes, or characteristics
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plagiarism
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presenting the words or ideas of someone else as if they were your own
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plot
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the series of related events in a story or play
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point of view
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the vantage point from which the writer tells the story
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first person
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one of the characters tells the story using first-person pronouns such as "i" or "we"
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***third-person limited
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***an unknown narrator tells the story, but this narrator zooms in to focus on the thougths and feelings of only one character using third-person pronouns such as "he" "she" and "they"
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third-person objective
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a narrator who is totally impersonal and objective tells the story with no comment on any characters or events using third-person pronouns suh as "he" "she" and "they"
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third-person omniscient
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an all-knowing narrator tells the story using third-person pronouns such as "he" "she" and "they"
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prose
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fiction and nonfiction written in ordinary language and resembling everyday speech
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protagonist
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the cetnral character in a story, the one who initiates or drives the action
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purpose
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a writer's reason for writing
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refrain
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a word, phrase, line, or group of lines that is repeated for effect several times in a poem
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resolution
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a conclusion of a story, when all or most of the conflicts have been settled.
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rhetorical question
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a question asked for an effect, and not actually requiring an answer
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rhyme
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the repetition of vowel sounds in accented syllables and all succeeding syllables
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rhyme scheme
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the pattern of rhymes in a poem commonly indicated with letters of the alphabet
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rhythm
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a rise and fall produced by the alternation of stressed and unstressed syllables in language
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sarcasm
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language whihc is bitter and caustic meant to hurt or ridicule someone or something
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satire
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a type of writing that ridicules the shortcomings of people or institutions in an attempt to bring about a change
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setting
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the time and location in which a story takes place
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simile
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a figure of speech that makes an explicit comparison between two unlike things using words such as "like" "as" "than" or "resembles"
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stereotype
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a fixed idea or conception of a character or an idea which does not allow for any individuality, often based on religious, social, or racial prejudices
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stream of consciousness
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a style of writing that portrays the inner, often chaotic, workings of a character's mind
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style
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the distinctive way in which a writer uses language
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symbol
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a person, place, thing, or event that has meaning in itself and that also stands for something more than itself
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theme
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the insight about human life that is revealed in a literary work
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tone
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the attitude a writer takes toward the subject of a work, the characters in it, or the audience
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