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13 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Semantic Mapping
relationship between concept and knowledge
scaffolding
an instructional technique where the teacher models the desired learning strategy or task, then gradually shifts responsibility to the students.
semantics
a. the study of meaning.
b. the study of linguistic development by classifying and examining changes in meaning and form.
syntax
the study of the rules for the formation of grammatical sentences in a language.
pragmatics
the study of the aspects of meaning and language use that are dependent on the speaker, the addressee and other features of the context of utterance
phonology
(phonological awareness)
the ability to hear and work with the spoken language
phonemic awareness
The ability to hear and manipulate sounds in words
(Phonemic awareness is not phonics.
Phonemic awareness is auditory and does not involve words in print )
Examples:
Blending: What word am I trying to say? Mmmmm�oooooo�.p.
Segmentation (first sound isolation): What is the first sound in mop?
Segmentation (last sound isolation): What is the last sound in mop?
Segmentation (complete): What are all the sounds you hear in mop?
Emergent literacy
"the reading and writing behaviors that precede and develop into conventional literacy," notes Sulzby (1989). Sulzby and Teale (1996, p. 728) state, "Emergent literacy is concerned with the earliest phases of literacy development, the period between birth and the time when children read and write conventionally. The term emergent literacy signals a belief that, in a literate society, young children--even 1- and 2-year-olds--are in the process of becoming literate."
conventional literacy
read and write in ways that most people in our literate society recognize as 'really' reading and writing. For example, they use a variety of reading strategies, know hundreds of sight words, read texts written in a variety of structures, are aware of audience, monitor their own performances as writers and readers, and spell conventionally." (p. 30)
word identification skills
-decoding
-blending
-structural analysis
-sight word vocabulary
factors affecting students' eading comprehension
oral language development, word analysis skills, prior knowledge, language background, previous reading experiences, fluency, vocabulary development, ability to monitor understanding, characteristics of specific texts
metacognitive skills
learners' automatic awareness of their own knowledge and their ability to understand, control, and manipulate their own cognitive processes.

Example:
self-evaluation and self-monitoring
strategies to facilitate comprehension of text before, during, and after
previewing, making predictions, questioning, self-monitoring, rereading, mapping, using reading journals and discussing texts