English

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went to West Minster Abbey where he was crowned king on Christmas. For next five years, he crushed Anglo-Saxon land lords and overthrew.

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William I

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Built fortified palaces-Most famous was tower of London

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William I

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Destroyed England nobility

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William I

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Instituted the military- Knights

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William I

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Instituted Feudalism- saved England from Anarchy. Gave ¼ of the land to church, kept a ¼ of land and then parceled out ½ to barons. – They pledged allegiance to him. They swore they would send all their knights to England- He has an Army!

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William I

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called for Census of the land and found out that 84% of the population was surfs. This was bad because they could have band together and tried to take over.

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William I

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Dies. Son becomes William II

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William I

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Quira Regis-Established it- Courts

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Henry I

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Dies- This puts his Nephew on the throne. He was a joke.

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Henry I

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-Grandson of Henry I. Put in over Nephew of I.
-Known as the Eight Angevin.

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Henry II

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1. Under his rule, Common law is developed- Judge Made law-Everyone must follow

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Henry II

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2. Developed Jury- Henry ordered 12 men to come together and denounce criminals of their neighborhoods. – Becomes Grand Jury

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Henry II

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Married Eleanor of Aquitane- Gained half the country

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Henry II

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Made the Arch Bishop of Canterbury. He will be tried in state courts. He was exiled to England. Pope sent Henry a message saying if he didn’t reinstate Thomas, he would excommunicate him. He Reinstated him but Becket was killed by knights who overheard Henry saying things would be easier without him.

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Thomas `a Becket

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Son of Henry II. became king for ten years. He was taken over by King John.

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Richard

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signing of the Magna Charta--DATE

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June 15th

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King is above the law and he can’t flaunt his powers, if he did he would have to obey the law-Trial by jury, Habeas Corpus

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Magna Charta

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June 15th- Forced the signing of the Magna Charta (Signed at running mead) - King is above the law and he can’t flaunt his powers, if he did he would have to obey the law-Trial by jury, Habeas Corpus - Began Parliament- 1295- Great Parliament was held- Now we have house of lords and house of commons.

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John

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Becomes king at 9- During reign, barons gained more power. When he dies, His son Edward was on crusades.

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Henry III

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-Lasted during 12th and 13th centuries

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The Crusades

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Wanted to
1. Recapture Holy Land from Turks and Convert them
2. Pope said they were the will of god
3. Pope wanted to reunite with eastern church- Failed

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The Crusades

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4. Children’s Crusades- Failed- They learned how to make paper, Algebra, Gun Powder. During same period of crusades, their developed the Mendicant Orders

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The Crusades

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Order of Monks

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Mendicant Orders

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Founded by St. Francis- Service for poor and Sick- Good Work and Charity.

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Franciscans

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Founded by St. Dominic- Preach the gospel and more.

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Dominicans

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-Actually a series of wars

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Hundred Years War

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-The Main cause was the English claim to French territories and Edwards re-claiming the French Crown
-Eventually the French won the war

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Hundred Years War

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in 1346- MOST IMPORTANT BATTLE!!!!

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Battle of Crecy

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Dates of the Hundred Years War

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1337-1453

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-First king since Anglo-Saxon era to be considered primarily English

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Edward I

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Court of The Exchequer

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Taxes

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Court of the Common Pleas

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Civil Cases

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Court of the King’s Bench

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Crown Pleas, Criminal Cases

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*Parliament has fully developed at this point in the English History-- It made it’s greatest strides the reign of Henry III and the Three Edwards*

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Edward I

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End of Anglican Rulers

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Richard II

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-He attempted to rule without Parliament. Had Henry Bolingbroke, The rightful heir of the throne, banished.

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Richard II

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must all work together to protect interests.

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The King, barons, and Parliament

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Killed close to 1/3 of the population

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Black Death

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You have to have 3 things for the Black Death

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Flea must bite a Rat, Rat must bite a Human

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Killed 1/3 of the surfs- They will rise out of poverty

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Black Death

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Black Death Dates

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1348-49

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Ineffective king

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Henry VI

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House of York

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White Rose

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House of Lancaster

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Red Rose

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Gun Powder first used at this battle

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Towton

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The two princes were to be put under the protection of the queen mother and their uncle, Richard of Gloucester. He then arrested supporters of the queen, had them executed, imprisoned the uncrowned Edward V and his Richard in the tower. On the day of the crowning, the two boys were killed. Over the next two years, his unpopularity grew. Richard and Henry met at Bosworth Field. Richard was killed and his army was dispersed. The crown was handed to Henry and the battle was over.

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Richard III